172 LIFE-HISTORIES OF LYONETIADA 
The larva feeds on Citrus spp., bael (gle marmelos) (Plate XLIX), 
Murraya koengu, and bela (Jasminum sambac). In the case of orange, this 
insect is often a bad pest, especially of young plants, as practically every 
new leaf may be mined by one or more larvee. The larve also mine under the 
epidermis of the green stems. The mines are usually found on the upper 
surface of the leaf and are winding and irregular in shape. The larva works 
just under the epidermis and feeds on the chlorophyll cells. The larva is 
about 2°5 mm. long, head and thoracic segments somewhat flattened, abdo- 
minal segments cylindrical, segments distinct, stoutest at mesothorax, tapering 
posteriorly almost to a point, uniform pale-yellow or pale-green, naked ; head 
smaller than prothorax, brownish pale green, with prominent antenne, mandi- 
bles and labrum tinged with light brown, ocelli four, black ; two lateral black 
specks on prothorax and mesothorax ; legs and five pairs of prolegs very 
minute and only visible under a lens. The larva moves more by contracting 
and expanding the body than with the help of the legs and prolegs. 
When full-grown, the larva leaves the mine and pupates in a white cocoon, 
formed on the leaf in any corner afforded by the folding of any part of the 
leaf (often under a small up-folded portion of the edge of the leaf) or by the 
side of a raised vein. Before emergence of the moth the pupa is protruded 
to some extent through one end of the cocoon. (Pusa Insectary Cage-slip 900.) 
PHYLLOCNISTIS HABROCHROA, MEYR, | Sec «Loo (p-2it - Lis 
Phyllocnistis habrochroa, Meyr., Exot. Micr., I, 349 (1915)('). 
Described from N. Kanara, where.the larva was found mining leaves of 
s 4 oa a S| tS 
chee). tie em 5 aa 
PHYLLOCNISTIS HELICODES, MEYR. (PLATE L, FIG. 1.) 
Phyllocnistis helicodes, Meyr., Exot. Micr., I, 618 (1916)(!). 
Reared at Pusa in November from larve mining leaves of Polyalthia 
longifolia (Anonaceze)("). 
Larvee were collected at Pusa on 10th September 1917, mining leaves of 
asoka (Polyalthia longifolia). The mine is made just below the epidermis on 
the upper surface of the tender leaves. An old mine appears as a broad 
continuous convoluted brown streak with a whitish space on each side, running 
up and down the length of the leaf or across its breadth over the midrib. 
The brown white-edged streak constitutes the mine, the brown streak being 
the dried liquid excrement of the larva which feeds on either side as it proceeds, 
the whitish space being the dried mined epidermis of the leaf. When the 
