INSECTS INJURING OAK-LEAVES. 157 



215. Janassa lignicolor Walk. 



(Larva, Pi. Ill, fig. 5.) 



The caterpillar of this moth occurred on the oak at Providence from 

 the middle to the last of September. It has been bred by Professor 

 Kiley. This species is Xylinodes virgata of Packard. The larva is very 

 characteristic and allied to those of Schizura. In Professor Riley's 

 collection are the regularly oval thick earthen cocoons lined with silk, 

 aud about three fourths of an iuch in length, the caterpillar transform- 

 ing on the surface or within the earth. 



Larva. — Head not very large, not so wide as the prothoracic segment ; pale, almost 

 whitish ash-gray ; an irregular dark ash band on each side in front passing up from 

 the mandibles and meeting on the vertex, where a branch is sent out at right angles, 

 uniting with its fellow in the median line of the head ; no median line above the 

 apex of the vertex, but two spurs are sent out above the vertex from each side, which 

 nearly reach the median line of the head, and inclose a clear round space. Prothoracic 

 segment pea-green on each side above the spiracle. Meso- and meta-thoracic segments 

 bright deep pea-green, bordered with reddish below; a long narrow triangular dorsal 

 light-brown band, slightly forked on the prothoracic segment, extends from the head 

 to near the base of the large dorsal tubercle on first abdominal segment ; this tubercle 

 is sensitive and retractile as in the other species of this genus; it is large but not 

 forked, the end being very slightly cleft, blackish in the middle and each small ter- 

 minal wart has a dark hair which is bent downward aud forward. First to third ab- 

 dominal segments pale gray and reddish-brown, the first less marbled and watered 

 with gray than the second aud third ; the back of the fourth to ninth segments clear 

 deep pea-green, with a round sinus in front on the fourth segment, and on the sixth 

 and front edge of seventh inclosing a watered gray elongated irregular patch. On 

 the eighth segment a small dorsal tubercle tinted with brown; the eighth spiracle 

 much larger and more conspicuous than the others ; around the seventh pair of spira- 

 cles are clear white patches. The abdominal legs 1 to 4 are thick and fleshy, with a 

 reddish- brown circular line incomplete above; anal legs small and slender, about 

 one-third as large as the others. Length 3j">™. 



Pupa. — Body short and thick; tip of abdomen unusually blunt; tremaster partly 

 rudimentary, not projecting beyond the tip, and consisting of two widely separate 

 flattened squarish spines, terminating in two small spines. Length 18™™. 



Moth. — Pale cinereous. Pronotal pieces discolored with ligneous brown. Abroad, 

 median thoracic dusky line, succeeded on the abdomen by a dark spot. Primaries 

 light ashen with brown scales arranged in streaks, which on the costa proceed ob- 

 liquely towards the outer margin, ending upon the subcostal nervure. Towards the 

 apex are two distinct brown streaks, which are parallel to the costa; between and 

 below the second streak are two whitish streaks. A dark-brown discal dot is placed 

 tipon the lower discal nervule, and beyond it is a brown streak. In the middle of the 

 discal space is a light line which passes over the discal dot and continues along the 

 lowest subcostal interspace to near the outer margin. Below the median vein the wing 

 is slightly tinged with ocherous. Just below the basal portion of the median nervure 

 is a brown streak, and the internal border is mottled and streaked with dark cine- 

 reous. The tuft is dark-brown, and the outer edge of the wings is also darker than 

 the discal portion. There are no transverse streaks. Secondaries white, the costa dis- 

 closed slightly with cinereous. Abdomen nearly concolorous, being a shade darker 

 than the hind wings. Beneath cinereous, with a distinct median black line. Tarsi 

 broadly annulated with dark. Length of body, .85 ; expanse of wings, 1.75 inch. 

 Cambridge, female, Lansing, Mich. ; Seekonk, R. I. 



