242 FIFTH REPORT OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL COMMISSION. 

 27. Limenitis arthemis (Drury). 



Gosse, ill his " Canadian Naturalist" (220), gives a figure of the larva, 

 pupa, and under side of the butterfly of this species.* The butterfly ap- 

 pears about the 1st of July. In the first week in July we have seen 

 this butterfly in great numbers in the White Mountains. 



28. The four-horned sphinx. 

 Ceratomia amyntor (Hiibner.) 

 (Larva, PI. xi, fig. 1.) 



The caterpillar, as observed by Harris (under the name of Ceratomia 

 quadricornis), in one case hatched July 31. A record of its occurrence 

 on the white birch is mentioned in " Psyche," 368, 1882. Professor 

 Eiley states that Boll found the caterpillar on the osage orange. Mr. 

 Pilate has also observed the caterpillar on the linden in Ohio. A young 

 larva found August 20, and 35™'" in length, was green with 7 paler 

 green lateral oblique stripes, the four thoracic horns being very promi- 

 nent. 



This worm not unusually occurs from Maine southward on the elm, 

 becoming fully fed early in September, when it descends into the ground 

 and pupates, the moth appearing the following May and June. I have 

 taken it in Maine as early as May 24. The moth is a large broad- winged 

 sphinx, with gray or ashen body and wings, the anterior pair with a 

 large white dot near the front edge. 



Egg. — Nearly of a compressed spheroidal shape, greeu, and with very fine reticula- 

 tions. (Harris' Corr., p. 82.) 



Larva before first molt. — Yellowish green, with a darker dorsal line, a long red 

 caudal horn, and a very large, green head, with the dorsal denticulatious ami tu- 

 bercles obsolete. A newly batched larva is about one-fifth of an inch long, pale green, 

 with a straight caudal horn about half the length of the body, dotted and tipped 

 with brown. There is a pair of minute thoracic horns on the top of the third segment 

 and another pair on the top of the fourth, and there is a row of minute fleshy teeth 

 along the middle of the back, which are scarcely visible. Before the first molt the 

 larva has nearly doubled its size and has a white vascular line, a faint line on each 

 side of the middle of the back and seven oblique stripes on each side of the body, all 

 of the same color. The head is smooth and the thoracic horns are barely visible. 

 They molt their skins in about five days after they hatch, after which the head and 

 caudal horn are granulated, the thoracic horns prominent, the fleshy teeth along the 

 middle of the back with the stripe on each side of it ; the oblique stripes on the sides 

 and the thoracic lines are plainly visible. 



The second violt is made in from five to eight days after the first, when the row of 

 teeth along the middle of the back is prominent, the lateral oblique stripes are gran- 

 ulated, and the caudal horn is j/ftle yellow with granulations in front and behind. 



The third molt is made in from six to eight days after the second, when the larva 

 is light green with the teeth along the back and the granulations no the side of a 

 whitish color. The caudal horn is now curved, of a yellowish-green color, and cov- 



See also Scudder's '' Butterflies of the Eastern United States," 18«9. 



