HICKORY CATERPILLARS. 



311 



caterpillar ; hence I am inclined to regard the following species de- 

 scribed by Mr. Grote as synonyms of the species described by myself 

 in the Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History, New York, in 1873. 

 It should also be said that the moths raised from the Carya were shown 

 to Prof. C. H. Fernald, who identified them as Phycis ruhrifasciella 

 Pack. Grote's description of A. demotella applies to my specimen ; so 

 also does that of A. angusella. 



After preparing the foregoing account I found among my notes the 

 following extract from an Illinois paper by an excellent observer, which 

 I reproduce, as it shows that this insect is wide-spread in its distribu- 

 tion, and works in the same manner East and West. 



In the latter part of May, while visiting a relative who lives in the western part 

 of this county, I saw that many small webs had been spun by some insect around 

 the footstalks of the leaves which grew near the terminal end of the branches of 

 many hickory trees. These webs were always spun on, the lower branches, seldom 

 being more than 8 or 10 feet from the ground, and were confined to the second- 

 growth trees. Upon examining these webs more closely there was found a short 

 silken tube, closed at the outer end and opening at the other into a burrow, which in 

 many instances extended through the wood of the present year's growth, but never 

 passing into the old wood. Many of these burrows contained an ashen green sixteen- 

 footed larva, measuring about half an inch in length ; the spiracles were ringed 

 with dark bi'own, and there was a raised brown dot above each, and a pale brown 

 dot on either side of the second segment ; the head was pale brown. These larva) 

 changed to chrysalides in the forepart of June, and produced moths in the latter 

 part of the same month. Although these larvae live in closed burrows, they are fre- 

 quently infested with internal parasites; from a small number which I collected I 

 obtained three moths and two parasites kuown to science as Phanerotoma tibialis 

 Haldeman, A small flattened green spider also preys upon them, as one was observed 

 near the mouth of a burrow with one of the larvai in its jaws. 



As these borers always spin a web around the leafstalks which grow around the 

 mouth of their burrows, their presence can easily be detected, and then by means of 

 a step-ladder the vufested twigs may be cut off close to the old wood, collected in a 

 l>asket, and afterwards be burned. 



McHenry Cot'NTY, III., July, 1882. 



D. W. COQUILLETT. 



72. The walnut case-bearer. 



Acrohaaia juglandia Le Baron. 



Order Lepidoptera; family PrRA- 



LID^. 



Drawing two leaflets together and 

 constructing a black case, a small dark 

 greenish worm, changing to a gray 

 narrow-winged small moth. (Riley, 

 IV, p. 42.) 



We have observed at Provi- 

 dence, June 1, between the 

 leaves of Carya porcina, a sim- 

 ilar case, but in the form of a 

 long, slender black cone, rather than spindle shaped. 



Fig. 120. — Walnut case-bearer ; a, larva between two 

 leaves; 6, case; c, d, e, variations in the wings. 

 (After Riley.) 



