358 FIFTH REPORT OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL COMMISSION. 



showing some indistinct furrows on its surface ; the other abdominal segments have 

 the usual protuberances, on the dorsal as well as the veutral side, marked with 

 wrinkles. The last segment is short and divided in two halves by a transverse fold ; 

 the latter half has the anal opening at the tip. All these segments are beset with 

 short golden hairs on the sides. There are no feet, as in the Lamii. (Osten Sacken.) 



The pupa has numerous pointed granulations on the prothorax ; similar granula- 

 tions ending in sharp points are placed in a row on the dorsal segments of the abdo- 

 men, near the posterior margin; the same segments have, more anteriorly, a few 

 similar sharp, horny projections. On the penultimate segments these projections 

 are larger and recurved anteriorly at the tip ; there are six in a row near the poste- 

 rior margin, and two others more anteriorly. The last segment has four similar pro- 

 jections in a row. (Osten Sacken.) 



The beetle. — Body velvet-black, and ornamented with transverse yellow bands, of 

 which there are three on the head, four on the thorax, and six on the wing-covers, 

 the tips of which are also edged with yellow. The iirst and vsecond bands on each 

 wing cover are nearly straight; the third band forms a V or, united with the 

 opposite one, a W ; the fourth is also angled, and rune upwards on the inner mar- 

 gin of the wing-cover towards the scutel; the tifth is broken or interrupted by a 

 longitudinal elevated line ; and the sixth is arched, and consists of three little spots. 

 The antennse are dark brown, and the legs are rust red. These insects vary from 

 six-tenths to three-fourths of an inch in length. (Harris.) 



Dr. Horn has detiaed the characters by which this species may be 

 separated from G. pictus as follows : 



If we examine the under side of the two species, noting the form of the prosternal 

 process, it will be observed that this in rohiniw is nearly square, so that the front 

 coxse are moderately widely separated. The second joint of the hind tarsi is densely 

 pubescent over its entire surface. The male antennae are rarely longer than three- 

 fourths the length of the body, and but little if any stouter than those of the female. 

 Generally the W-band nearly always joins the transverse band at the suture. 



C pictua, however, has a narrow prosternum, nearly twice as long as wide. The 

 male antennie are much stouter and at least a fourth longer than the body. The W- 

 band rarely joins the transverse band. On the hind tarsi the second joint is nearly 

 glabrous along its middle. 



The two species differ also in habitat and time of appearance, pictus living in the 

 hickory and appearing in early spring, while rohinice bores the locust and appears in 

 the autumn. (Can. Eut., xiv, p. 240.) 



Remedies. — Au excellent way to save a valuable shade tree from the 

 attacks of this borer is to thoroughly soap the trunk late in August, so 

 as to prevent the beetle from laying its eggs early in September. All 

 insects breathe through little holes (eighteen or twenty in all, nine or 

 ten on each side) ; now, if a film of soap or grease or oil of any kind 

 closes the openings of these breathing pores, the air can not enter the 

 respiratory tubes which ramify throughout the interior of the body and 

 the insect dies by asphyxiation — i. e., drowns. Harris states that white- 

 washing and covering the trunks of the trees with grafting composition 

 may prevent the female from depositing her eggs upon isolated trees. 

 Also, young trees might be headed down to the ground, so as to destroy 

 the grubs boring in them, and also to promote a more vigorous growth. 

 An excellent preventive remedy is to collect these beetles early in Sep- 

 tember when engaged in eating the pollen of the golden rod ; children 

 could perform this labor. 



