712 FIFTH REPORT OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL COMMISSION. 



changed into a beetle this cell is extended onwards through the bark 

 for the escape of the insect. Being a larger species than the preced- 

 ing, the galleries which it excavates, and the holes it perforates through 



the bark, are proportionally larger. 

 Several dead individuals may usually be 

 found in the galleries of this as of the 

 other species." (Fitch.) 



I have found the "mines" or galleries 

 of this bark-borer under the bark of the 

 southern i)itch pine at Houston, Tex., 

 where it seemed to be abundant. Beetles 

 taken from the mines were sent to Dr. G. 

 H. Horn, who kindly identified them as 

 T. calligraphus. Fig. 244 represents a 

 typical mine. It consists of a primary 

 or main gallery or mine which is 3^""" 

 wide ; the holes for the exit of the beetle, 

 of which two are represented iu the en- 

 graving, being 2""'' in diameter. The 

 primary gallery is nearly straight, with, 

 in the cases noticed by us, only one set 

 of secondary galleries arising on one 

 side, as represented iu the figure. The 

 secondary galleries are 

 from 1 to nearly 2 

 inches in length, and 

 at the end a little over 

 half as wide as the 

 main gallery. At one 

 end the main gallery 

 opens into a broad irregular cell, where the worm i rob- 

 ably transforms into the pupa, connecting with the 

 hole for the exit of the beetle. 



Another form of cell without any lateral or second- 

 ary galleries is represented at Fig. 245. The arrow 

 indicates a point in the gallery made when the larva 

 was small. A specimen taken from this mine was fig.245.— Primarymine 

 also submitted to Dr. Horn for identification. It oc- ''i TomicMs caiugra- 



phus lu yellow pme, 



curred under the bark of the southern or yellow pine Georsia. Packard 

 at Atlanta, Ga., where I collected it in April, 1881. ''<■'• 



Fig. 244. — Mine of Tomicus calligraphus in 

 southern pitch pine, Houston, Tex.— 

 Packard del. 



