846 FIFTH REPORT OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL COMMISSION. 



238, under tenerana, says, " not scarce among fir trees." Wilkinson, British Tortrices, 

 p. 186, under teneraHa;Freyer( not in my library) ; Guen^e, Indexmethodicus,26, under 

 the name errana : Westwood, British Moths (not in my lihravj), pinetana ; Kaltenbach, 

 Die Pflauzenfeinde, p. 698— you may get some help from this ; Frey, Die Lepidopteren 

 der Schweiz, p. 325. 

 Yours, truly, 



C. H. Fernald. 



Dr. A. S. Packard. 



Like the dark olive-brown bud- worm {Tortrix fumiferana) this worm 

 eats around the bud in June, gnawing off the leaves and thus loosen- 

 ing them, so that they remain attached by a loose, slight web filled with 

 the castings, and under this mass the caterpiller lives concealed from 

 the prying gaze of insectivorous birds. 



As it was late for the caterpillars, nearly or quite all having trans- 

 formed into moths, only a single belated worm was found, which, there 

 is the strongest presumptive evidence for believing, is the young of the 

 moth in question. It is much smaller, nearly one half as large and en- 

 tirely different from the caterpillar of the common spruce-bud worm 

 {Tortrix fumiferana) and is of a general reddish-yellowish hue. 



The body is flattened, the head of a deep reddish honey-yellow, while 

 the body is pale rust-red, with a darker dorsal stripe and a paler band 

 on each side. The piliferous warts are paler than the ground color. 

 The body low down on the sides and beneath is yellowish. All the legs, 

 both thoracic and abdominal, are pale honey-yellow. Length, 7"""'. 



Without doubt the caterpiller hibernatss when nearly full-grown, at- 

 tacks the shoots in June when the new leaves are growing out, and goes 

 into the chrysalis state by the end of the month, the moths appearing 

 during the first and second weeks of July. Of course it is desirable that 

 the caterpillar be reared, so as to leave no doubt as to its identity with 

 the moth in question. 



When the young trees and shrubs are found to be affected, they 

 should be sprayed with Paris Green or London purple in solution. 



Moth. — General color carneous and light brown. Palpi very broad at end of second 

 joint, the tip, including the last joint, dusky. Head with a large flattened vertical 

 tuft, hanging " bang "-like over the forehead. Fore wings dotted with black along 

 the costa. From the inner third of the costa a fine, narrow black line extends ob- 

 liquely to the middle of the wing, then making a sharp angle on the median vein, and 

 thence going to the inner edge of the wing opposite the i^oiut of origin on the costa; 

 between this line and the base of the wing are two fine broken irregularly curved black 

 lines. In the middle of the wing from the costal black spots, three black lines con- 

 verge to a number of black scales in the middle of the wing, opposite but outside ot 

 the point of the bent line ; below these black scales is a darker brown patch. On the 

 outer fourth of the wing a large, conspicuous triangular flesh-colored patch extends 

 to near the internal angle. In the middle, on the costa, is a black speck, as also along 

 the sides, and the apex of the patch is seen under a good lens to be edged with white. 

 Beyond the patch, in the middle of the wing, are a few black scales and a short white 

 line. A black apical spot. Fringe blackish. Hind wings dark slate color ; legs 

 branded with blackish. Expanse of wings, 14™™. 



