896 FIFTH RKPOKT OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL COMMISSION. 



front of segment 1 is pale green, and the incisure of segments 2 and 3 is shining black. 

 The three dorsal spots arc pale greenish-yellow ; the central spot, on segment 7, has 

 a, fleur-de-lis form ; the following one, on segment 9, is small and geminate, and on seg- 

 ment 11, in a number of the larvje, is a fourth spot, usually smaller than the pre- 

 ceding. Of the tubercles, arranged in subdorsal rows, those on segment 8 are the 

 largest, exceeding in height and diameter of base those on segment 2, and are di- 

 rected somewhat backward. A lens shows short hairs over the body, and on the 

 summit of the tubercles are larger ones, curving inward ; the body is lined with short 

 black streaks. From the tip of the lappets long black hairs of an unequal length 

 are given out, while their margins and intervening portions of the body bear numer- 

 ous shorter gray hairs, many of which are barbed ; these form a fringe directed down- 

 ward when the larva is resting on a small bianch, wholly concealing the legs and 

 nearly hiding the long prolegs. In addition to these lappets (a substigmatal row), 

 there is a single one of a little larger size on the first segment, in front of the first 

 spiracle, the hairs of which project along the side of the head. All the lappets are 

 margined with a black line which is more distinct upon the anterior one ; the first 

 three point forward, the others backward. The larva has the power of elevating or 

 depressing one or more of the lappets at pleasure ; when in motion they are borne 

 horizontally ; at other times, all but the thoracic ones are depressed. The prolegs 

 are obscure greenish. The ventral region is of the same color, with a lenticular 

 blackish spot on the first five segments. 



Cocoon. — The first cocoon was spun on the 17th of May, forty-three days after the 

 earliest hatching of the larvje. Within two days seven cocoons were made ; in all, 

 thirty-three were obtained. For the reason that the twigsupon which the larvi© had 

 been fed were of a small size, and without the brauches at the giving otf of which the 

 cocoons are usually placed, nearly all were spun upon the flat sides of the feeding 

 cage, where they presented the appearance shown in Fig. 20 ; none were placed in 

 the angles or corners. Their ground-work usually extended at some distance beyond 

 the cocoon proper, for while its average length was less than one inch, that of the 

 ground-work often exceeded one inch and a half. The cocoon is of a pale gray color, 

 elongate oval, quite flattened beneath, its elevation being but about one-half its 

 breadth, roughened externally, smooth interiorly, moderately firm and thick, but 

 diaphanous, composed of two layers of silk, which are usually more closely united 

 than represented in Fig. 21, which shows the under surface with the thin lower layer 

 forming the ground-work removed, disclosing the pupa-case from which the moth has 

 emerged through the ruptured upper part of the cocoon. 



Pupa. — The pupa is dark brown, about 0.60 inch loug, from 0.27 to 0.30 inch broad 

 across the wing-cases, and only about 0.18 inch thick, being much flattened beneath. 

 The incisures are deep and the segments well rounded, and continuing broad in the 

 ' female, as shown in the figure, until their abrupt termination. The anal segment 

 is tipped upon its upper side with two minnte sharp teeth or by a bifid tubercle, hav- 

 ing a small granulation (shown under a lens) on each side. The male pupa is readily 

 recognizable by its narrower terminal segments, and the well-defined antennal cases 

 showing at the point of the antennal twist a sensible contraction, and above it abroad 

 lobe like expansion outwardly beyond the regular curve of this portion of the pupa. 

 The features of the female pupa are essentially shown in the pupa case, represented 

 within its cocoon, in Fig. 21. 



Pupation. — The pupation was quite brief— only twelve days, if three days be allowed 

 for the change within the cocoon of the larva to the pupa. The first moth emerged 

 June I. The following is the record of dates of emergence of the thirty-three exam- 

 l)les obtained ; it is of interest in not showing the priority in the time of the male, 

 which is found in many lepidoptera, but a singular alternation between the sexes of 

 the first half of the brood 



