HELICIDA. 43 
orbicular, more or less rugose, white, obsoletely banded ; whorls 
4-5, the last descending in front; aperture obliquely oblong ; 
peristome simple, expanded, labiate within; columellar margin 
reflected. H,. Gualtiertana, Linn. (xcv,63). 50sp. Mediterra- 
nean region. 
Murella, Pfr., 1877. Shell not carinated at the periphery. #H. 
muralis, Mull. 
Levantina, Kobelt, 1871. H. guttata, Oliv. 11 sp. Western 
Asia. 
Iberus (typical). Shell carinate at the periphery. 7. Gual- 
tieriana, Linn. 
Hemicycla, Swainson, 1840. (Mycena, Albers, 1850.) Shell 
imperforate, globosely depressed, rugose ; four or five whorls, 
the last gibbous, deflected in front; aperture obliquely oval; 
peristome thickened, its superior and inferior lips subparallel or 
approaching and usually connected by a columellar callus, the 
inferior one lamellate within. 87 sp. Canary and Cape Verd 
Is. H. Saulcyi, d’Orb (xev, 66). 
Plebecula Lowe, 1854. (Helicomela, Lowe, 1854.) Shell 
umbilicated or narrowly perforate, subglobose, striated, hispidly 
granulate; whorls 5-54, convex, the last but little deflected 
anteriorly ; aperture rounded; peristome simple, diffusely callous 
within; margins approaching, that of the columella dilately 
reflexed. H. punctulata, Sowb. (xev, 67). 5 sp. Madeira. 
Leptaxis, Lowe, 1852. (Katostoma and Cryptaxis, Lowe, 
1864.) Shell thin, globose or depressly globose, striated or 
rugose; whorls 5-54, the last descending, with convex base; 
columella straight, entering, more. or less dilated below, aper- 
ture large, rounded-lunar, or subrhombic; peristome simple, 
lipped within, margins approaching. H. wndata, Lowe ,xcv, 68). 
30 sp. Madeira, 
Leptaxis (restricted). Not carinate, imperforate. 
Pseudocampylea, Pfeiffer, 1877. Shell perforate, subcarinate. 
H. Lowe, Fer. 
Lampadia, Albers, 1854. (Mitra, Albers, 1850.) Periphery 
carinate, depressed., H. Webbiana, Lowe (xcv, 69). Madeira. 
porcASIA, Gray. (Galaxias, Beck, 1837.) Shell umbilicate. 
subglobose ; whorls convex, the last ventricose, descending at 
the aperture; aperture generally shining within; peristome thick, 
expanded, reflexed, rarely simple,obtuse, margins approximating, 
often joined by a callus, the columella dilated, reflexed, some- 
what covering the umbilicus. H. argillacea, Fer. (xcvi, 94). 
37 sp. So. Africa, East Indies, Australia. 
HADRA, Albers, 1860. (Papuina, Albers, 1860.) 119 sp. E. 
Indies, China, Japan, Australia. H. bipartita, Fer. 
XANTHOMELON, Albers, 1850. Shell striulate, globose, with a 
yellowish epidermis ; spire small, obtusely conoidal; whorls 4-5, 
