72 PUPIDA. 
12). 85 sp. Europe, N. Africa, East and West Indies, Poly- 
nesia, United States. 
VERTILLA, Moquin-Tandon, 1855. V. pusilla, Mull. (c, 13). 
15 sp. Europe, Australia, Sandwich Isles, ete. 
ISTHMIA, Gray, 1821. (Truncatellina and Paludellina, Lowe, 
1852. Edentulina, Clessin.) Shell cylindrical, summit obtuse, 
striated, whorls flattened; aperture semioval, edentulous; lip 
thin, slightly reflected. P. columella, Mart. (c, 9,10). 27 sp. 
Europe, Africa, ete. 
FAULA, H. and A. Adams, 1855. (Fauxulus, Schauf., 1869.) 
Shell sinistral, oval-conic, smooth; spire conical or subeylin- 
drical,apex pointed ; whorls flattened, the last narrowed towards 
the base; aperture semioval, plicate within the outer and on 
the parietal wall; peristome simple. P. Capensis, Kurr. (c, 100). 
3 sp. Cape of Good Hope. 
ZosPEuM, Bourg., 1856. 
Distr.—10 sp. Caverns in Carniola and Spain. Z. speleum, 
Rossm. (c, 14). 
Shell minute, subhyaline, pupiform, umbilicated, spire obtuse ; 
aperture usually with columellar and parietal plicze, sometimes 
edentulous. 
The members of this group are met with in caverns and other 
places from whence the light is excluded. Bourguignat, in con- 
sequence, supposes that they are without the usual organs of 
vision; four tentacles. The position of this genus is somewhat 
doubtful; some conchologists are inclined to place it near Cary- 
chium, which its radula resembles. 
SrroputA, Albers, 1850. 
Syn.—Cerion, Morch, 1852. 
Distr.—35 sp. West Indies, Florida, Bahamas. S. wva, Linn. 
(c, 15). S. chrysalis, Fer, (c, 16). 
Shell large, pupiform, or cylindrical, with obtuse apex ; striate 
or costate, rimate; aperture oval, with plicate columella and 
expanded lip. 
inferior tentacles very short; jaw finely striated with a median 
pr jection; dentition resembling Helix. 
Meaaspira, Lea, 1834. 
Syn.—Pyrgelix, Beck, 1837. 
Distr.—2 sp. Forests of Brazil. Fossil, Eocene of Paris 
basin. JM. elatior, Spix (c, 17). 
Shell elongated, attenuated to an obtuse apex, multispiral ; 
whorls about twenty-five in number, flattened, slowly increasing, 
costulate ; aperture small, rounded, angular behind; columella 
with transverse dentiform plications ; peristome simple. 
