452 



ARACHNIDA PHALANGIDEA 



CHAP. 



Fio. 237. — Nemastoma 

 lugubre. 



the mature state at all seasons of the year. There are about 



twenty European species, but only two of these, JV. luguhre and 

 N. chrysomelas, have as yet been i'ound 

 in Britain. N. higiibre is a very common 

 animal, and though it does not obtrude 

 itself upon public notice, its little black 

 body with two pearly white spots must 

 be a familiar object to all insect collectors 

 who have occasion to search under stones 

 or among moss in damp places. Its 

 legs are short and stout, but those of 

 N. chrysomelas, which is a brighter 

 coloured Harvestman with spots of dull 

 gold colour, are long and slender. 



Fam. 4. Trogulidae. — Coriaceous 



and very hard integument. Anterior ijart of cephalothorax 2i'^'o- 



duced into a Mfurcate " hood.'" Often a " trochantin." 



The Trogulidae are very slow-moving Phalangids of moderate 



or large size (a sixth to half an inch in body), found under stones 



or in damp moss and debris. They are Mite- 

 like in general appearance, and may readily ^ 



be distinguished from all other Harvestmen by 



the presence of the " hood" (Fig. 230, p. 442), 



the hollo wed-out under surface of which forms 



a chamber, called by Simon the " camerostome," 



in which lie the basal portions of the pedipalps. 

 Only a single immature specimen has 



been found in England, belonging probably to 



the species Trogidus tricarinatus. It was 



found in Dorsetshire. Some members of the 



family are not uncommon in various regions 



of the Continent. There are four genera, 



Dicranolasma, Anelasmocephalus, Calathocratus, 



and Trognlus. Two other genera, Amopaum and 



Metopoctea, have been established, but the former 



is probably the young of Dicranolasma and the latter of Trogidus. 

 According to the monograph on the British Phalangidea by 



the Eev. 0. Pickard- Cambridge, cited above, the following species 



have been recorded in this country. They all fall under the 



sub-order Plaoiostethi : — 



Fig. 238. — Trogulus 

 aquaticus. ft, Hood. 

 (After Siiiiou.) 



