244 NATURAL SCIENCE. April, £896. 



the groups, whether well or ill, have been comparably defined," a 

 point on which some may differ from him, and even quote against 

 him certain passages out of his own work. Be that as it may, no one 

 can fail to feel anything but gratitude towards him for his plucky 

 attempt to deal with a most difficult subject — an attempt the com- 

 parative success or failure of which can only be rightly judged in the 

 light of further researches. The subject, however, will only be 

 properly dealt with when the systematist, the palaeontologist, and the 

 anatomist will consent to work hand in hand for the common object. 

 It will then probably be found the safest course to name each of the 

 larger groups after some one of its more conspicuous members, instead 

 of fixing on conchological or anatomical features which, by their very 

 employment, are apt, albeit quite unconsciously, to bias the opinion 

 of whoever employs them. 



REFERENCES. 



1. Lamarck. — " Sur la division des Mollusques acephales conchyliferes." Ann. 



Mus. Hist. Paris, x., pp. 389-397 ; 1807. 



2. Cuvier. — " La Regne Animal,'' ii. ; 1817. 



3. D'Orbigny. — " Paleontologie Fran9aise, Terrains Cretaces," iii. ; 1843. 



4. Martini. — " Verzeichniss einer auserles. Sammlung von Naturalien," p. 129; 



1773 or 1774. 



5. Neumayr. — " Zur Morphologie des Bivalvenschlosses." Sitzungsb. Akad. 



Wiss. Wien. Mat. -vat. Classe, Bd. lxxxviii. ; Abth. i., pp. 385-419, 2 pis. ; 1883. 



6. . — " Beitriige zu einer morphologischen Eintheilung der Bivalven . . . 



mit einem Vorworte von E. Suess." Denks. Akad. Wiss. Wien. Mat.-nat. 

 Classe, Bd. lviii., pp. 701-801 ; 1891. 



7. Dall. — " On the Hinge of Pelecypods and its Development, with an attempt 



toward a better Subdivision of the Group." Amer. Journ. Sci., xxxviii. r 

 pp. 445-462 ; 1889. 



8. — — — . — " A New Classification of the Pelecypoda." Trans. Wagner Free Inst. 



Sci. Philadelphia, vol. iii., pt. 3 (advance copy) ; March, 1895. 



9. Ray Lankester. — Encyclop. Brit., ed. 9, vol. xvi., p. 691. 



10. Fischer. — " Manuel de Conchyliologie." 1880-87. 



11. Pelseneer.— " Report on the Anatomy of the Deep-Sea Mollusca." "Chal- 



lenger " Report, Zoology, vol. xxvii. ; 1888. 



12. . — " Sur la Classification Phylogenetique des Pelecypodes." Bull. 



Sci. France Belg., torn, xx., pp. 27-52 ; 1889. 



13. ■ . — "Contribution a l'etude des Lamellibranches." Arch, de Biol., 



torn, xi., pp. 147-312, 18 pis ; 1891. 



14. Menegaux. — "Recherches sur la circulation des Lamellibranches marins." 



(Thesis.) Pp. 296. 4to., Besancon, 1890. A preliminary sketch appeared 

 in Bull. Soc. Philcm., sir. VIII., torn, i., pp. 137-144; July, 1889. 



15. Bernard. — " Premiere Note sur le Developpement et la Morphologie de la 



Coquille chez les Lamellibranches." (Advance copy from) Bull. Soc. g'eol. 

 France, xxiii., pp. 104-154, figs. ; 1895. 



16. Seeley. — " A Help to the Identification of Fossil Bivalve Shells." Geologist, 



vii., pp. 44-50 ; 18G4. 



17. Boehm. — " Megalodon, Pachyerisma und Diceras." Ber. Nat. Ges. Freiburg, 



vi., pp. 33-56; 1S91. 



18. Woodward. — " Manual of the Mollusca." Pt. ii. ; 1854. 



19. Steinmann and Dbderlein. — "Elementeder Palaontologie." 8vo; 1888-90. 



B. B. Woodward. 



