OCTOBER. 173 



The young larva having outgrown its original case, 

 proceeds to increase its capabilities of affording accom- 

 modation to its occupant by adding to its dimensions. 

 To effect this object the larva having selected a leaf of 

 its food-plant, attaches itself to the edge of it, and 

 commences mining between the cuticles in a semicir- 

 cular manner at the bottom of the mine, but starts off 

 at right angles from the base of the old case, thus 

 making the addition to its former case larger at the 

 bottom or mouth than at the point of juncture of the 

 old case, and giving to the whole a cornucopia-like 

 shape. Having mined a sufficient depth into the leaf 

 for its purpose, and drawn its old case for a little dis- 

 tance within the new mine, the larva lines the whole 

 with silk, and, cutting off its improved habitation, it 

 takes its departure. This process is repeated as often 

 as necessary, the case becoming of course longer and 

 broader at every addition, until the larva has become 

 full fed. The edges of the several additions to the 

 case by drying assume a curled form, thus giving to 

 it in many instances a fringed appearance ; while the 

 newer additions, being much lighter in colour when 

 fresh than the other portions, often give the structure a 

 curious party-coloured patchwork appearance. 



On the seeds of the yarrow {Achillea millefolium) 

 we may find the larvae of JEupithecia subfulvaria, toge- 

 ther with the larvae of Coleophora argentida. 



If in places where the dogwood ( Cotnws samguinea) 

 grows we examine the leaves, we shall see many of 

 them marked with large greenish blotches, and others 

 with holes in them cut out of the previously-mined 

 places. This is the work of the larva of the beautiful 



