L YC^NID.E. 43 



1. T. betulSB, L. — Expanse, If to U inch. Dark brown. 

 Fore wings with a central black spot, followed by a pale 

 cloud, or, in the female, by an orange blotch. Under side 

 orange-grey, with two white stripes. 



Dark brown. Male with a perpendicular black elongated spot 

 near the centre of the costal margin of the fore wings, having 

 a whitish cloud at its outer edge. Female with a similar black 

 spot, followed by a large curved orange blotch, reaching almost 

 across the wings. Hind wings in both sexes with two orange 

 dashes at the anal angl(>, and three projecting points, the 

 middle one of which is a slender well-developed tail. Under 

 side greyish fulvous. Fore wings with a central perpendicular 

 black spot, and beyond it a tapering orange-brown stripe, edged 

 externally with black and white ; hind wings with a slender 

 transverse black and white stripe, and a shorter one above it. 



Variation in this species is very slight, and mainly in the 

 whitish cloud on the fore wings of the male. In some cases 

 this is very small, in others absent ; and occasionally it is 

 large, and accompanied by additional blotches immediately 

 below. One female in Mr. Sydney Webb's collection has the 

 orange blotch much reduced in size and divided into two. 



On the wing in August and September. 



Larva onisciform ; second segment rounded and project- 

 ing above the head. Dorsal region raised into a scalloped 

 channelled ridge, edged with lemon-yellow. Bright pea- 

 green, the yellow dashes on each side double, and sloping 

 forwards and upwards ; spiracular line yellow. Head dark 

 brown, paler at the back, and with a whitish frontal V. In- 

 cisions of the body deep, and fringed with short pale bristles. 

 May, June. On blackthorn (Prunus spinosa). (Fenn.) 



PiPA very stout and blunt ; reddish-brown, thickly dusted 

 with darker. Suspended by the tail and a silken girth to the 

 stem of the food-plant close to the ground. (Fenn.) 



A very lively, active species, but local. Seems to prefer 

 wooded districts, but to affect open bushy places where 



