NYMPHALW.-E. 123 



with reddish-brown. Upon each, from the third to the 

 eleventh segments, are transverse dorsal rows of tufts of 

 strongly branched spines, those on the white portion being also 

 white, the remainder pale brown, with or without white tips. 

 On hop (Huiiinhis lupidus), feeding upon the leaves ; also 

 occasionally upon gooseberry, currant, and nettle. Some- 

 times found in May and June, but far more plentifully in 

 August. 



Pupa angulated, with two curved points in front of the 

 head, an angulated projection at the back of the thorax, and 

 spinous points down the back ; abdominal portion thickened 

 and rounded. Light brown ; edges of the wing-sheaths and 

 of the segments blackish ; junction of the thorax and abdomen 

 ornamented with brilliant golden spots. 



Larva3 and pupje were sent me by Mrs. Hutchinson in 

 1875. They were in abundance that year around Leominster, 

 the larvfe feeding mainly on the hop plants cultivated there. 

 She wrote : •' Pupae must have been very plentiful in the hop 

 grounds. I have had two hundred brought me, and thou- 

 sands must have been thrown on the heap with the hop-bine, 

 and burnt. Last year we had none." 



Doubt has been expressed as to the double-broodedness of 

 this butterfly with us, and upon this point I will again quote 

 Mrs. Hutchinson, whose opportunities for observing it have 

 extended over fifty years, in its most favoured districts, and 

 have consequently been unrivalled : " I cannot agree that there 

 is any doubt as to its being double-brooded. The hybernated 

 butterflies come out early, even a sunny day in Mai'ch will 

 arouse them, and by the end of May they are over. The eggs 

 hatch a very few days after they are laid, and the larvas feed 

 up quickly. The imagines in favourable years appear from 

 June 29th to July 9th. They have a rich fulvous under side, 

 and brighter, lighter upper side than the autumn brood, which 

 begins to emerge from the pupa state early in September.'" 

 She also states that in some very favourable years an 



