220 LEPIDOPTERA. 



in an open space of coarse grass, heather and fern, on a 

 hill which is mainly covered with pine and birch trees ; 

 common in the Altyre woods at Forres ; plentiful in some of 

 the valleys of the Perthshire mountain district ; in plenty 

 in rushy flats all along the eastern side of Loch Long for 

 twelve miles ; at the foot of the Lowther Hills in Dumfries- 

 shire ; at Minto, Roxburghshire ; abundant in Argyleshire ; 

 but in Arran excessively local and confined to spots of very 

 small extent. In England still abundant in various parts of 

 Durliam ; also at Grassington, in Upper Wharfedale, York- 

 shire, in the grassy slopes of a wood ; and has been found at 

 Whernside, in Craven. In Cumberland it seems to have 

 been seen in but few localities, but in Westmoreland is 

 plentiful at Witherslack, and found in profusion at Arnside ; 

 also at Grange and Silverdale in North Lancashire. In 1859 

 recorded at Colne near Burnley, East Lancashire, the most 

 southern locality known here, but later records from this place 

 appear to be wanting. It is perhaps worthy of remark that 

 in the north of England, and notably in Westmoreland, the 

 two forms, already noticed, of the female, occur in equal 

 numbers ; while in Scotland, as far as can be ascertained, 

 those with ashy, or silvery, bands to the under side of the 

 hind wings, seem to be in the majority. 



Strange to say, no record is known of this species in 

 Wales or Ireland. Abroad it is widely distributed in Central 

 and Southern Europe, and Northern and Western Asia. 

 Lang says, "It is common in Switzerland, South and South- 

 East Germany, North-East and Central France, Livonia, 

 North-Eastern Turkey, the Caucasus, the Altai, North-East 

 Siberia and the Amur. In woods and plains, not ascending 

 to any great height in the mountains." 



[E. Ligea. L. — This is a larger and handsomer species than 

 E. Blandina, of a deep dark velvety brown, with broad 

 submarginal orange-red bands oh both fore and hind wings, 

 in each of which are three or four bold black spots with 



