538 MAYNARD M. METCALF, 



Of course, in the absence of any neural gland, no rapheal duct 

 is present in my specimens. Uljanin describes nothing that could 

 be the rapheal duct in either the sexual form or the "nurse". 



There can be no doubt of the homology of the neural gland of 

 Boliolum with that of Ascidians and Fyrosoma. I much regret that 

 I have had no material for the study of its histology and, especially, 

 the nature of the ventro-lateral outgrowths from the gland figured by 

 Uljanin. These may bear some relation to the ventro-lateral chambers 

 of the neural gland in Salpa, soon to be described. 



The Salpidae. 

 In previous papers ^) I have described the neural gland in several 

 species of Salpidae. In the present paper, I shall include a description 

 of this organ in Salpa cylindrica Cuv., Salpa, runcinata-fusiformis 

 Cham.-Cuv., Salpa africana-maxima Forsk., Cyclosalpa pinnata Forsk., 

 Cyclosalpa cJiammissonis Brooks, Thalia democratica-mucronata Forsk,, 

 Pegea scutigera-confcderata Curv.-Forsk. and the variety hicaudata of 

 this species, lasis cordiformis-zonaria Q. et G. -Pall., lasis costata- 

 tilesii Q. et G.-Cuv. and lasis hexagona Q. et G. 



Cyclosalpa pinnata Forsk. 

 Plate 39, Figs. 67—76. 

 The complicated ciliated funnel of this species lies far in front 

 of the brain , as in Boliolum. It has no duct of any sort leading 

 back toward the brain. Here, as in all the other Salpas (with the 

 exception of the solitary Salpa africana-maxima), the ciliated funnel 

 is an independent structure having no connection in the adult with 

 either the ganglion or neural gland. No neural gland having anything 



1) Metcalf, 1892, 18931 and 18982. My paper on the eyes and 

 sub-neural gland of Salpa contained the first description of the neural 

 gland in the Salpidae. Herdman, in his report upon the Challenger 

 Tunicata, says (Part III, p. 56) : "An otocyst (?) and a pigment spot are 

 found in connection with the ganglion", and again (p. 57): "There is a 

 subneural gland underlying the ganglion. Its duct leads forward, and 

 opens into the front of the branchial sac just anterior to the peri- 

 pharyngeal bands. The opening widens out to form a richly ciliated 

 groove" — (the dorsal tubercle). In his diagram illustrating the anatomy 

 of Salpa (p. 55) he figures the gland as corresponding to the description 

 I have quoted. No such neural gland is present. The ciliated funnel 

 does not connect with any duct. Instead of "an otocyst" there are 

 two vesicles ventral to the ganglion which are really the neural gland. 

 Cf. Metcalf, 1893, p. 346—361. 



