NOTES AND MEMORANDA. 217 



could not get the mullet to attend to the lamp if the room was 

 generally lit up. The red gurnard and the bass will sometimes 

 swim up to and lie by the light for a time, but they were never 

 seen to take any other notice of it. Turbot, on the contrary, are 

 occasionally greatly affected by the light of a lantern. When the 

 light is first shown they generally take no notice of it, but after 

 about a quarter of an hour I have three times seen a turbot swim 

 up, and lie looking into the lamp steadily. It then seemed to be 

 seized with an irresistible impulse like that of a moth to a candle, 

 and throws itself open-mouthed at the lamp. On one occasion a 

 turbot continued to dash itself with such violence at the lamp that 

 it wore the skin of its chin through till it bled. When the light 

 was moved to another pai't of the glass the turbot soon followed and 

 began again. 



Sound heard by a Lamellibranch {Anomia). — In the course of an 

 attempt to find out what class of sounds are generally transmitted 

 to animals living in water I found that Anomia if open can be made 

 to shut its shell by smearing the finger on the glass of the tank so 

 as to make a creaking sound. The animals shut themselves thus 

 when the object on which they were fixed was hung in the water by 

 a thread. It is therefore clear that the action perceived was not 

 communicated merely by the jarring of the solid framework of the 

 tank. The noise made by the finger had to be of a particular 

 pitch, for neither mere rubbing* on the glass nor the exceedingly 

 high note made by squeezing the edge of a wet cork along the glass 

 pi'oduced any effect. It is remarkable that the Anomia took no 

 apparent notice of the sound made by creaking the antenna of a 

 crayfish under water. Instances of real sounds being jDcrceived by 

 aquatic animals are so rare that this fact seemed worth recording. 

 — W. Bateson. 



The Fisheries and Fishing Industries of the United States The 



United States Fish Commission has recently published the third, fourth, 

 and fifth sections of the treatise on the Fisheries and Fishing Indus- 

 tries of the United States which is being jointly produced by them 

 and the United States Census Bureau. The three sections above 

 mentioned comprise four quarto volumes, the first of which contains 

 Sections III and IV, devoted to the Fishing Grounds of North 

 America and the Fishermen of the United States respectively. The 



NEW SERIES. VOL. I, NO. II. 15 



