466 NATURAL SCIENCE. Dec. 1894. 



les Reptiles, et les Oiseaux," 1867; and a long series of 

 similar publications. In one of his later works he was concerned to 

 uphold the immortality of the soul. Most of his books have been 

 translated into the chief European languages. When, however, he 

 attempted to teach science from the stage of the Cluny Theatre by 

 means of a play, entitled " Les Six Parties du Monde," he met with 

 a less hearty welcome. Figuier died at Paris, aged 75 years. 



The distinguished oculist and microscopist, Ludwig Mauthner, 

 died at Vienna on October 20, at the comparatively early age of 

 fifty-five. After studying at Vienna, he went to Berlin and studied 

 under Albrecht von Grafe. His famous work, " Lehrbuch der 

 Ophthalmoscopic," appeared in 1868. He also published "Die 

 Bestimmung der Refractionsanomalien mit Hilfe des Augenspiegels " 

 in 1867, and " Vorlesen iiber die optischen Fehler des Auges " in 

 1876. He was part editor of the Archiv filr Aitgeti- nnd Ohrenheit 

 Kunde for some years. 



The well-known collector of Fossil Fishes, the Rev. Hugh 

 Mitchell, LL.D., died at Aberdeen, about the middle of the month. 

 His chief collections were made from the Old Red Sandstone of 

 Forfarshire, and included the forms known as Acanthodes mitchelli, 

 Ischnacanthus gracilis, and Climaiius scntiger. Sir Philip Egerton, Mr. 

 Powrie, and Professor Ray Lankester largely drew upon his collections 

 when writing their important monographs. His collections are now 

 in the British Museum of Natural History, having been purchased 

 last year. 



The death of Mr. Oscar Koechlin, of Alsace, which took place 

 in September, robs that district of an enthusiastic entomologist, and 

 the Mulhouse Society of one of its original and most energetic 

 members. Dr. B. N. Rake, who was elected President of the 

 Trinidad Field Naturalists' Club on August 3, in succession to 

 Mr. H. Caracciolo, died on August 24 at Port-of-Spam. Mr. Henry 

 Tate, the acting Government analyst of the same island, also fell a 

 victim to the prevailing malignant fever on August 18. 



The news from Africa during the past month is very serious. 

 Telegrams have appeared which record the deaths of the German 

 botanist Dr. Lent, and the zoologist Kret;^schmar, in the Kilima- 

 njaro district, killed by natives, and of Mr. G. L. E. Andrew, a 

 member of a Belgian trading company, at Mukikamu, near Stanley 

 Pool. Mr. Andreae was an entomologist, and several parcels of insects 

 have been sent by him from Africa. 



