i8 95 . NEWS OF UNIVERSITIES, ETC. 141 



The Entomological Society of France holds its annual meeting on February 27, 

 and the Italian Botanical Society will hold its annual meeting at Palermo towards 

 the end of April. 



The Museums Association will meet this year at Newcastle-on-Tyne, circum- 

 stances having necessitated the abandonment of the proposed visit to Edinburgh. 



The details of the sixth International Geographical Congress were issued by 

 the Royal Geographical Society during the last few days of the old year. The 

 headquarters of the Congress, which will be held in London from July 26 to 

 August 3, 1895, will be 1 Savile Row, W. The subscription is £1, and will entitle 

 the holder of the Congress receipt to attend all meetings and receive all publica- 

 tions concerning the Congress. The subjects specially selected for discussion are : 

 Mathematical Geography ; Physical Geography, including Oceanography and Geo- 

 graphical Distribution ; Cartography ; Exploration ; Descriptive, Historical, and 

 Applied Geography, including Anthropo-Geography ; and Education. Among the 

 special papers promised are the following : " The Distribution of Density over the 

 Surface of the Earth in Relation to the Force of Gravity," " Geodesy in Relation 

 to the Survey of India," by General J. T. Walker; "Photographic Methods in 

 Surveying," by Colonel H. C. B. Tanner; " On the Construction of Globes," by 

 Professor Elisee Reclus ; "Arctic Exploration," by Admiral A. H. Markham ; 

 " Antarctic Exploration," by Dr. Neumayer; " History of Early Charts and Sailing 

 Directions," by Baron Nordenskiold and H. Yule Oldham ; and " the Influence of 

 Land Forms and Surface Characters on Occupation, Settlements, and Lines of 

 Communications," by H. J. Mackinder and Professor W. M. Davis. Among the 

 special discussions are " International Cooperation for the Study of the Oceans," 

 for which the following constitute a committee : the Prince of Monaco, Professors 

 Kriimmel, O. Petterson, Thoulet, A. Agassiz, and Mr. J. Y. Buchanan; "Limnology 

 and Hydrology as a Branch of Geography," for which the following is the com- 

 mittee : Professors Forel and Penck, Dr. Mill, and Messrs. Delebecque and 

 Marinelli ; "a Systematic Terminology of Land Forms," Professors Penck, W. M. 

 Davis, and Dr. von Richthofen, and Messrs. Mackinder and Oldham ; " To what 

 extent is Tropical Africa suited for Development by the White Races, or under their 

 Superintendence ? " Sir John Kirk, Dr. Dove, and Messrs. Decle and Ravenstein. 

 There will also be reports of the Committee on the Map of the World on the scale 

 of 1 : 1,000,000, and on an International Bibliography of Geography, while Pro- 

 fessors Levasseur and Lehmann and Mr. Freshfield will consider the subject of 

 " Geography in the School and in the University." 



An exhibition will also be held, which the Congress desires should be made as 

 fully representative as possible of the present state and past history of geographical 

 science, and it is proposed that this should include : Instruments used in the con- 

 struction of maps ; for observation by travellers ; in oceanographical and limno- 

 graphical research, etc. ; maps of all classes, globes, reliefs, models, and appliances 

 in use in geographical education ; photographs and pictures of geographical interest ; 

 lantern slides of racial types and other anthropo-geographical matters ; gear and 

 equipment of all kinds ; personal relics ; publications of societies and general 

 geographical literature. The Secretaries of the Congress are Messrs. J. Scott Keltie 

 and H. R. Mill, from whom all particulars can be obtained. 



The Isle of Man Natural History and Archaeological Society announces that 

 the quarterly magazine of the Society, Yn Lioar Manninagh, will shortly be replaced 

 by an annual volume of Transactions. The Transactions will be more strictly con- 

 fined to the immediate proceedings of the Society, and will not include the various 

 notes and news printed in the magazine. 



The library of the late Mr. William Topley has been distributed among 

 those to whom the books will be of most service, by desire of his widow and his 



