1897] PRIMEVAL REFUSE HEAPS AT HASTINGS 99 
knowledge of the wheel. It was also fairly well baked, and would 
stand the fire, as is shown by the deposit of soot upon some of the 
fragments. They appear to have known nothing about the art of 
polishing flint or the barbing of arrow heads. In none of the settle- 
ments where the characteristic implements have been found, has 
anything been obtained to conflict with the evidence of the Middens 
in any way. The barrow at Sevenoaks, which contained similar 
relics, it is true, was nearly round, pointing to the close of the Neo- 
lithic period; but further research induces me to consider that these 
people might nevertheless have preceded the days of the barbed 
arrow and the polished axe, and this conclusion is strengthened by the 
geological evidence of Dr Colley March in Lancashire. It is prob- 
able that the ox, the ‘sheep, and the pig were confined in en- 
closures, where they lived in a semi-domesticated state. Man also 
seems to have domesticated the dog, which possibly assisted 
in keeping the cattle, although the canine bones sometimes look 
as if they had been gnawed. It is certain from the large 
quantities of bones present that animal food was indulged in 
- whenever obtainable, perhaps even more so than was the case with 
the Baltic Midden men. But the motley group of animals repre- 
sented at Hastings show the men there to have been anything but 
epicures, as they appear to have eaten anything upon which they 
could lay their hands. 
The occurrence of these implements thirty or forty miles inland 
in a number of places, suggests their being the work of a Nomadic 
people, but whether or not the trans-European localities can be taken 
to indicate the line of original migration, further researches will alone 
decide. This much is however proved, that the Midden men will 
henceforth have to be added to the pre-historic races of Britain. 
W. J. Lewis ABBOTT. 
