ip6 ALUS. [Vol. XVIII. 



envelops also the venous and arterial vessels associated with 

 that nerve. The tendinous portion of the membrane thus seems, 

 both in origin and insertion, to represent the first two divis- 

 ions of the levator maxillse superioris of Amia. The third 

 division of that muscle seems to be represented in the broad 

 flat ligament that arises from the posterior surface of the pre- 

 orbital ossification and is inserted on the cartilaginous ridge 

 that forms the posterior boundary of the articular facet by 

 .which the palato-quadrate articulates with the preorbital ossifi- 

 cation. The ligaments that extend from the nasal and eth- 

 moid of Scomber to the outer surface of the anterior end of 

 the maxillary, seem to represent, one or both, the fourth division 

 of the levator maxillse superioris of Amia; and it is to be noted 

 that part of that muscle, in Amia, has its origin from the ventral 

 surface of the antorbital bone. The two tendons that extend 

 downward and backward, in Scomber, and have their insertions 

 on the outer surface of the articular, although strongly recalling 

 the tendons of Lms^ and Lms- in Amia can hardly be the homo- 

 logues of those tendons, as they lie external to the articular instead 

 of internal to it. Those tendons of Amia are much more probably 

 represented in Scomber by the tendon a^ la and the tendinous tuft 

 that has its origin immediately in front of that tendon. 



The Levator Arcus Palatini {Lap, Figs, ii, 54 and 55) 

 arises from the dorsal edge of the postero-lateral face of the post- 

 orbital ossification, and from the postero-lateral face of that bone 

 immediately below that edge. The fibers of the muscle run down- 

 ward, and downward and backward, radiating from their rela- 

 tively small surface of origin, and having a large surface of inser- 

 tion. This surface of insertion includes a portion of the outer sur- 

 face of the dorsal end of the hyomandibular ; the inner surface of 

 the dorsal end of the metapterygoid and that of the opposing, 

 lateral surface of that process of the metapterygoid that projects 

 backward internal to the hyomandibular ; and about one half of 

 that part of the upper edge of the metapterygoid that lies anterior 

 to the anterior edge of the hyomandibular. 



From the dorsal edge of the postorbital ossification a broad, 

 flat tendon runs downward and backward into the muscle, lying 

 longitudinally in the muscle and extending through about two 



