274 ALUS. [Vol. XVIII. 



9. Nervus Glossopliaryngeus. 



The nervus glossopliaryngeus {gl) arises from the brain by a 

 single root which has its apparent origin immediately anterior 

 to the vagus, betw^een that nerve and the acusticus. From there 

 the root runs at first backward, laterally and downward, parallel 

 to and immediately anterior to the vagus root. It then turns 

 sharply forward and laterally, and from this point Mr. Nomura 

 always found a small branch continuing backward and laterally 

 to join and fuse completely with the root of the vagus. Herrick 

 finds what would seem to be this same communicating branch in 

 Menidia, and says (No. 38, p. 165) that it is composed of com- 

 munis fibers that " apparently go out with the first three or four 

 branches of the n. lateralis (the first of these being the n. supra- 

 temporalis vagi), accompanying the proper lateralis fibers, and 

 ultimately anastomoses with the r. recurrens VII." 



Beyond the point where this communicating branch is given ofif, 

 the main root of the glossopharyngeus, in Scomber, runs for- 

 ward and laterally until it reaches the inner wall of the skull, 

 where it turns sharply backward and laterally, parallel to the an- 

 terior part of its course, and traverses its foramen in the occipitale 

 laterale. Issuing from that foramen it turns sharply forward 

 and laterally again and enters at once its ganglion. In its intra- 

 cranial course it passes between the sacculus and the sinus utriculi 

 posterior. The ganglion of the nervus is round and flat, and a 

 sympathetic ganglion is closely applied to the ventral surface of 

 its proximal end. From the distal end of the ganglion a single 

 trunk arises, in some specimens, and separates immediately into 

 the anterior and posterior branches of the nervus. In other 

 specimens these anterior and posterior branches arise from the 

 ganglion separately and independently of each other, but close 

 together. From the distal end of the root of the nervus, close to 

 the point where it enters its ganglion. Dr. Dewitz, in certain of his 

 preparations, could separate a bundle of fibers which ran outward 

 across the ventral surface of the ganglion and joined and fused 

 completely with the posterior branch of the nervus, slightly be- 

 yond the ganglion. Proximally they could not be separated from 

 the remaining fibers of the root. They represent considerably less 



