276 ALLIS. [Vol. XVIII. 



simply juxtaposed to that nerve, and then, for a short distance, to 

 the truncus facialis, on its way to join and accompany the ramus 

 palatinus facialis. The ramus pretrematicus glossopharyngei 

 seems to turn distally, with the communicating branch from the 

 facialis, and to be distributed to the opercular gill, as it naturally 

 should be if that gill belongs to the hyoid arch. The fibers that 

 run forward along the ventral surface of the adductor hyoman- 

 dibularis might be either pretrematic fibers of the glossopharyn- 

 geus, or parts of the facialis, in which latter case they would prob- 

 ably represent parts of a posterior division of the palatine nerve. 

 There being no spiracular canal in Scomber the relations of the 

 nerves to that structure can not be determined, and the communi- 

 cating branch from the facialis to the glossopharyngeus may be 

 a prespiracular branch notwithstanding its apparent postspiracular 

 position. That the posterior division of the palatinus facialis, 

 or a part of it, should become separated from the rest of the 

 nerve and have a separate origin from the trunk of the facialis is 

 not improbable. 



Stannius (No. 70, p. yy), it is to be noted, considers the com- 

 municating branch from the facialis to the glossopharyngeus in 

 Perca and Tinea as probably sympathetic. In Scomber he says 

 that the ramus anterior of the glossopharyngeus receives a branch 

 of the " N. sympathicus, der von der Austrittsstelle der N. facialis 

 aus zu ihm tritt." Whether this branch is the sympathetic trunk 

 of my description or the communicating branch from the facialis, 

 I am unable to decide. 



Dixon (No. 23) says that Jacobson's nerve in man and in the 

 rat is an outgrowth of the petrous ganglion of the glossopharyn- 

 geus, and that if taste fibers from the trigeminus are found in it 

 in the adult they must be a relatively late acquisition. 



Ruge says (No. 63, p. 212) of the ramus anterior s. hyoideus 

 of the glossopharyngeus that, in teleosts, it sends a branch to the 

 pseudobranch ; and that " Man wird an den N. tympanicus denken 

 miissen." 



In Menidia the pseudobranch, and that part of the roof of the 

 mouth that lies between the areas supplied by the glossopharyngeus 

 and the palatinus facialis, are said by Herrick (No. 38) to be sup- 

 plied by an independent branch of the facialis that arises from the 



