134 



ANDREWS. 



and in the other it is a placing of the substance with relation 

 to inclusions, as by migration, subdivision, or extension of the 

 continuous element. 



[127] The formation of organized areas, of substance organs 

 and of organism organs ; hibernation in all its aspects ; motion 

 from place to place in search of food or other environmental 

 conditions which directly or indirectly affect the substance as 

 such ; coalescence ; conjugation ; fertilization ; reproduction ; 

 the birth of eggs or young ; the selection of proper external 

 environment and the preparation of proper internal environ- 

 ment for offspring substance by the parent substance, — as 

 when an Ichneumon pierces a caterpillar, or a beetle rolls up 

 balls of excreta, in which to place its eggs, or when a mammal 

 feeds its offspring with milk : — all these seemingly very 

 diverse phenomena are expressions of one and the same thing, 

 — the selective power and habit of the substance as such and 

 as organism with respect to its specific and necessary environ- 

 mental conditions. 



Nor, as pointed out, do these phenomena differ greatly from 

 ordinary ingestion of food, or daily purveying efforts of the 

 animal. In one case enough is taken for a seemingly secure 

 rhythm of necessity, though a relatively short one, and in the 

 others enough must be secured for a rhythm of privation which 

 it is felt will be a long one. 



Among the lower forms, the creature does not seem to need 

 to make special preparation but at any moment can enter upon 

 such states of vital abstraction from external environment. 

 When the organism realizes, or feels, adverse states of surround- 

 ing conditions, it simply encysts or seals itself within a more or 

 less impervious covering, and, suspending all action, waits for 

 the proper moment to resume its life as substance machine. 

 Or it throws its resources into the form of young which, from 

 their physical form and physiological state, have far greater 

 resistance to adverse conditions. Watching many of the Pro- 

 tozoa encyst themselves, I have seen a relaxation of the normal 

 alveolar arrangement to be common, so that physiological areas 

 were mingled and the structure of Butschli became more 

 regular, as in states preceding dissolution. 



