154 



ANDREWS. 



tures ; also that such stable differences as are had by staining 

 reactions are attributable, in the continuous substance as well as 

 in Butschli's structure, to differences of inclusions and of phys- 

 ical states of the lamellar substance, rather than to chemical 

 differences in the true protoplasm. The continuous substance 

 of contractile or irritable organization, functions often in secre- 

 tory or excretory manner as well, and in addition to its organ- 

 ized modes of expression, frequently intermits these for, or 

 mingles them with, primitive protoplastic manifestations. The 

 migrant protoplastic substance can maintain the finest visible 

 substance organs while yet retaining diverse other character- 

 istic modes of function. Organs, as we have known them, are 

 expressions of the living substance in some particular way, or 

 ways, but with enormous reservations of power and possibility. 

 Structure as hitherto known, seen thus, takes on the aspect 

 of locally maintained deposits of specific inclusion matter. 

 Function expresses certain local or general habits of the continu- 

 ous substance with respect to or in relation with these mate- 

 rials. Manifestly, in, and by, no known structure, is the 

 substance expressing at a given moment its full powers, or 

 asserting a prime local difference in itself. The utmost expressed 

 thus, is mass habit of local deposit and use of certain materials, 

 and within this expression is still a wide range of structural 

 and functional difference and variation, not only in individuals 

 of one family, but in each unit from moment to moment. 



Another thing of note is that the living continuous sub- 

 stance organism ignores, transcends, controls, and rules, as 

 well as directly responds to, its internal opportunities in any 

 visible structure just as does the organism as such in relation 

 to its external opportunities. The continuous substance fol- 

 lows internal controls and promptings not to be associated 

 wholly with, or wholly accounted for by, any structure we can 

 trace ; it functions according to suggestion or control of more 

 intimate conditionings, — yet always in such a manner as to 

 repeat in its true activities the phenomena seen to be asso- 

 ciated in visible structures with vesicular modes of organization 

 of the elements. These intimate conditionings are variously 

 derived and may give rise to yet others. 



