516 Proceedings of the Association of American Anatomists 



cases (35) there were two hepatic ducts, but in a majority more th^n 

 two, there being 2G with three, eleven with four, three with five and 

 one each with six, seven and nine hepatic ducts. The duct from the 

 Spigelian lobe which was most variable was found leading into ten dif- 

 ferent ducts. The variation was so great that only 3^ were typical, i. e., 

 had every duct conform to the most usual condition of that particular 

 duct. 



DEVELOPMENT AND VARIATIONS IN THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE 

 THORACICO-ABDOMINAL NERVES. By Charles R. Bakdeen. 

 Amerlc<in Journal of Anatomy, Vol. I. 



THE FRONTAL FISSURES IN THE BRAINS OF TWO NATIVES OF 

 BRITISH NEW GUINEA. By George S. Huntington. 



The brains of two natives of British New Guinea are probably of the 

 Papuan race. The fissural pattern of all four hemicerebra is of a very 

 simple and apparently fundamental type. The paper dealt with the 

 fissures and gyres of the frontal region, and especially with the value 

 and position of the medifrontal fissural element. The examination of 

 the four hemicerebra throws some light on the probable derivation of 

 this fissure, and on the consequent arrangement of the frontal gyres. 



CONTRIBUTION TO THE ENCEPHALIC ANATOMY OF THE RACES. By 

 Edward A. Spitzka. 



The intellectual characters of the races exhibit remarkable differ- 

 ences, and since they are but the expressions of cerebral activity, the 

 assumption that in the brains of different races and nationalities exist 

 typical difEerenees of cerebral surface morphology, is a belief that seems 

 to be rendered Justifiable by even the meager amount of material that 

 'has so far accumulated. What is to be attained in this view is the 

 establishment of a systematic anthropological encephalotomy. The 

 greatest hindrance to the pursuit of such work lies in the difficulty of 

 procuring the necessary material. The present series of papers com- 

 prises three Eskimo brains from Smith's Sound, one Japanese brain 

 and the brains of two female natives (Papuans?) from British New 

 Guinea. It is hoped to extend the series whenever the required ma- 

 terial becomes available for study. These brains are exceedingly rare 

 specimens. The three last mentioned seem to be unique in anatomical 

 literature, and only four other Eskimo brains have been described so 

 far— three by Chudzinski in 1881, the specimens being in a bad state 

 of preservation, and one by Hrdlicka in 1899, a fine specimen from an 



