286 Natural History 



this group, including all the new ones discovered by myself, 

 and arrived at the following comparative results : 



a • r-KT 1. i-j Species peculiar to Percentage 



Species of Nymphahdse eacli Island. of peculiar Species. 



Java 70 23 33 



Borneo 52 15 29 



Celebes 48 35 73 



The Coleoptera are so extensive that few of the groups 

 have yet been carefully worked out. I wiU therefore refer to 

 one only, which I have myself recently studied — the Ceton- 

 iadoe, or rose-chafers, a group of beetles which, owing to their 

 extreme beauty, have been much sought after. From Java 

 3.7 species of these insects are known, and from Celebes only 

 30; yet only 13, or 35 per cent., are peculiar to the former 

 island, and 19, or 63 per cent., to the latter. 



The result of these comparisons is, that although Celebes 

 is a single large island with only a few smaller ones closely 

 grouped around it, we must really consider it as forming one 

 of the great divisions of the Archipelago, equal in rank and 

 importance to the whole of the Moluccan or Philippine groups, 

 to the Papuan Islands, or to the Indo-Malay islands (Java, 

 Sumatra, Borneo, and the Malay Peninsula). Taking those 

 families of insects and birds which are best known, the fol- 

 lowing table shows the comparison of Celebes with the other 

 groups of islands : 



PAPILIONIDxE AND HAWKS, PARE0T8, ANT) 



PIERIDiE. PIGEONS. 



Per cent, of peculiar Per cent, of peculiar 



Species. Species. 



Indo-Malay region 56 54 



Philippine group 66 73 



Celebes 69 60 



Moluccan group 52 62 



Timor group 42 47 



Papuan group 64 74 



These large and well-known families well represent the 

 general character of the zoology of Celebes ; and they show 

 that this island is really one of the most isolated portions of 

 the Archipelago, although situated in its very centre. 



But the insects of Celebes present us with other phenomena 

 more curious and more difficult to explain than their striking 

 individuality. The butterflies of that island are in many cases 



