164 Eugene Rollin Corson 



cities ; and the reasons for this are qnite too apparent that I 

 should elaborate them here. The one important point in my 

 argument is, that the negro cannot stand the sharp competition 

 in the cities, that when thrown directly in the struggle for 

 existence with the white race he cannot hold his ground, that 

 the more densely populated the country becomes and the 

 fiercer the struggle, the more he must lose ground, and that 

 his greater mortality shows us the extent of his defeat. 



Having shown, as I hope, this greater mortality and the va- 

 rious ways by which it is brought about, it will be interesting to 

 see how this accords with the teachings of ethnology and biol- 

 ogy which treat the subject from the standpoint of the natural- 

 ist. It is only in this way we discover the relationships of or- 

 ganic forms from the lowest to the highest, and the laws gov- 

 erning the survival and death, the increase and decrease of 

 species and races, with man as a part of the animal kingdom. 

 And first and foremost, the inferiority of the negro as com- 

 pared with the Caucasian. 



It would hardly seem necessary to dwell at any length upon 

 the conditions which stamp the African race as one greatly in- 

 ferior to our own. When writers like Mr. Tourgee ignore this 

 fact, and not only ignore it but seem to put the two races on 

 an equality, it is not necessary to discuss the question with 

 him ; but for the sake of our argument we shall indicate 

 briefly the salient points of difference between the Caucasian 

 and the African as taught us by ethnology and comparative 

 anatomy. 



The pure negro is the representative of a race whose nat- 

 ural habitat is the African mainland. Though spread over a 

 large area it shows a greater uniformity in physique and moral 

 type than is to be found in the other great divisions of man- 

 kind. To the ethnologist it marks a type the lowest in the 

 scale of humanity. 



A, H. Keane gives us the following points as indicating 

 the low type and nearer approach in body to the quadruniana 

 or anthropoid apes : 



" (i) The abnormal length of the arm, which, in the erect 

 position, sometimes reaches the knee-pan, and which, on an 



