The Colored Race 165 



average, exceeds that of the Caucasian by about two inches ; 



(2) prognathism, or projection of the jaws (index number of 

 facial angle about 70, as compared with the Caucasian, 82) ; 



(3) weight of brain, as indicating cranial capacity, 35 ounces 

 (highest gorilla 20, average European 45); (4) full black eye 

 with black iris and yellowish sclerotic coat, a very marked 

 feature ; (5) short, flat snub nose, deeply depressed at the base 

 or frontal suture, broad at extremity, with dilated nostrils 

 and concave ridge ; (6) thick protruding lips, plainly show- 

 ing the inner red surface . (7) very large zygomatic arches — 

 high and prominent cheek-bones ; (8) exceedingly thick cra- 

 nium, enabling the negro to butt with the head and resist 

 blows which would inevitably break any ordinary Kuropean's 

 skull ; (9) correspondingly weak lower limbs, terminating in 

 a broad flat foot with low instep, divergent and somewhat 

 prehensile great toe, and heel projecting backwards ('lark 

 heel') ; (10) complexion deep brown or blackish, and in 

 some cases even distinctly black, due not to any special pig- 

 ment, as is often supposed, but merely to the greater abund- 

 ance of the coloring matter in the Malpighian mucous mem- 

 brane between the inner or true skin and the epidermis or 

 scarf skin; (11) short black hair, eccentrically elliptical or 

 almost flat in section, and distinctly woolly^ not merely frizzly, 

 as Richard supposed on insufficient evidence; (12) thick 

 epidermis, cool, soft, and velvety to the touch, mostly hair- 

 less, * * ^'^ ; (13) frame of medium height, 

 thrown somewhat out of the perpendicular by the shape of 

 the pelvis, the spine, the backward projection of the head, 

 and the whole anatomical structure ; (14) the cranial sutures, 

 which close much earlier in the negro than in other races. * 



These anatomical characteristics are well known to every 

 careful observer ; they mark a distinct race of mankind and 

 show conclusively an inferior type. The natural habitat of 

 the race is in itself indicative of its inferiority, for whatever 

 Egypt may have been in the past, and history certainly points 

 to a high order of civilization ages before the Christian era, 

 Africa for centuries has been the home of the savage. It is 



* Encyclopaedia Brittanica, Article " Negro.' 



