ORTHOPTERAN SPERMATOGENESIS 685 



rings produced by the first forna of movement may have the 

 elements drawn out at the center producing a cross on a ring. 

 Such secondary crosses do not, however, occur on bo^h sides of 

 the ring. (3) By continued contraction the various forms 

 become more uniform and with the loss of the nuclear membrane 

 there may be found round and elongate bodies corresponding 

 to the earlier rings and crosses without any indication of central 

 opening or longitudinal split except in the largest rings. (4) 

 Upon the establishment of the spindle there are found, in lateral 

 view, chromosomes with their longitudinal axis parallel to the 

 spindle and others at right angles to it, with all intermediate 

 forms. The conclusion is that ''die Stellung der extremen Chro- 

 mosomen gestattet uns den Schluss, das die Teilungsebene 

 iibereinstimmt mit der Ebene, in der die Chromosomengrenzen 

 liegen; die erste Reifeteilung stellt eine echte Reduktionsteilung 

 (Praereduktion Korschelt-Heider) dar." (5) Buchner fails to 

 observe the movements of the chromatids while in the equatorial 

 plate. (6) One fiber attaches to each chromosome at a clearly 

 marked point, and this varies in position in each chromosome. 

 (7) The fonia of the anaphase chromosomes is variable depend- 

 ing upon the position of the fiber attachment. No indication 

 of the longitudinal cleft — or plane of second spennatocyte divi- 

 sion — is visible, but it runs the length of the arms of the anaphase 

 U's. (8) All chromosomes are divided transversely in the first 

 spennatocyte and the various forms of anaphase chromosomes 

 go over into the second spermatocyte with an invisible longi- 

 tudinal cleft. (9) After a brief resting period and prophase, in 

 which the anaphase chromosomes may be recognized, the second 

 spennatocyte metaphase figure is formed with the chromosomes, 

 longitudinally divided, lying in the equatorial plate. They are 

 all of one type with terminal fiber attachments and divide along 

 the plane established by the longitudinal division of the first 

 spermatocyte spireme. The anaphase shows no V-shaped chro- 

 mosomes. 



Brunelli ('09, '10, '11) has studied the maturation phenomena 

 in Gryllus desertus Pall, and in Tryxalis and concludes that, in 

 essentials, they are sunilar. For Tryxalis ('10, '11) he states 



