OF BOTH SEXES. 51 



The custom common to both sexes, of paint- 

 ing their faces in broad, black, white, and red 

 stripes crossed in all directions, gives them a pe- 

 culiarly wild and savage appearance. Although 

 this painting is quite arbitrary, and subject to 

 no exact rules, the different races distinguish 

 each other by it. To give the face a yet more 

 insane cast, their long, hanging, tangled hair is 

 mixed with the feathers of the white eagle. 

 When powdered and painted in this way, the 

 repulsiveness of the Kalush women, by nature 

 excessively ugly, may be imagined ; but they 

 have a method of still farther disfiguring them- 

 selves. As soon as they are nearly marriageable, 

 an incision is made in the under-lip, and a bone 

 passed through it, which is exchanged from 

 time to time for a thicker one, that the open- 

 ing may be continually widened. At length 

 a sort of double button, of an oval form, called 

 a kaluga, which, among the people of rank, is 

 often four inches long, and three broad, is forced 

 in so as to make the under lip stand forward 

 thus much in a horizontal direction, and leave 

 the lower teeth quite bare. The outer rim of 

 the lip surrounding the wooden button becomes 

 D 2 



