STUDIES ON CILIATED CELLS 237 



The figures of Henry ('00) of the cihated cell of the epidermis, 

 coincide in many points with mine, whereas in Lenhossek's 

 ('98), Fuch's ('04) and Ikeda's ('06) figures we find no definite 

 arrangement of the basal corpuscles. 



3) It will be seen from the foregoing that the basal corpuscles 

 show a marked tendency to form parallel rows and to undergo 

 fusion with each other; and in fact, my attention was repeatedly 

 attracted, in some places (in the oviduct of Triton, in the pharnyx 

 of Amphibia, in the foot of Anodonta) by the presence of a faintly 

 staining fibril, uniting the basal corpuscles of the same row, as 

 Heidenhain ('99) shows in his figure from the hepatic duct of 

 Helix. The case which may be regarded as the extreme of this 

 process is found in the corner-cells of gills of Anodonta (fig. 5 b). 

 In flat view of this cell as mentioned above, there can be easily 

 found two parallel stripes, which are stained black by iron-haem- 

 atoxylin, and from which the cilia arise. Regarding the sig- 

 nificance of these stripes Engelmann ('80) expresses himself as 

 follows: ''Die Cihen entspringen oben auf jeder Zelle von zwei, 

 den langen Randern parallelen Leistchen, die nichts anders als 

 die verschmolzenen, oder richtiger reihenweise aneinander ge- 

 fiigten Fussstiicke der elementalen Cilien," a view with which 

 I agree entirely. The stripes, for which it will be better to re- 

 serve the name 'basal stripes,' are not to be identified with 

 'Basalkorperfasern,' found by Kuperweiser ('06) in the ciliated 

 cells of the corona of Cyphonautes-larvae; for the cilia never 

 arise from these fibers. 



4. The so-called basal rods {FrenzeVs F ussstabchen) . As early 

 as 1877 Eimer noticed, on the upper border of the cihated cells 

 from the pharnyx of Salamandra and from the gills of Siredon 

 pisciformis, the existence of rod-like corpuscles, the juxtaposi- 

 tion of which gives rise to the appearance of a cuticle. Three 

 years later Engelmann described strongly refracting rods on or 

 in the distal border of the cihated cells from intestine of Cyclas 

 and from the nasal mucous membrane of the frog, and termed 

 them 'Fussstiicke.' These rods are, according to his descrip- 

 tion, attached by means of the intermediate segments (ZAvisch- 

 englieder) to the hair-bulbs. From these observations, the 



