AUTHOR’S ABSTRACT OF THIS PAPER ISSUED 
BY THE BIBLIOGRAPHIC SERVICE, MARCH 20 
THE AUDITORY SENSE OF THE HONEY-BEE 
N. E. McINDOO 
Bureau of Entomology, Washington, D. C. 
TWENTY-SIX FIGURES 
CONTENTS 
Introduction and methodsses. aes snes... <5 SeEM ac cee se olen «lol etteiciern ecm a= 173 
So-called vocal organs of insects............ cece cere eee eee ete eee eens 175 
1. Sound-producing organ of honey-bee.............+-0+e0 seer eee eee ees 175 
a. Experiments to determine how bees make sounds.............-..--. 175 
b. Morphology of sound-producing organ. ......-.-.-+.-+ees rere reese 176 
2. Sound-producing organs of other insects......... 6.6... see eset neers 179 
So-called auditory organs of insectsS............ ee eee eee eee eee teen e eee 180 
Supposed auditory organs of honey-bee.........-.-- ++ ++ see eset rere eee: 180 
GaSiructurero VOhmstones OLG@alMesr seas: \crramite es (oe clracr scleral) ity 180 
Be Gtructureiok pore platesy. saa cv. cs Se wetness + teeta ele meee lee 186 
@uctructure of othermantennalvorgansens:... setae. toe eeis eile 189 
d. Structure of tibial chordotonal organs...............-+---ee ese eeees 190 
e. Structure of tibial ganglion cells...............2-2222ee eee e eee e cece’ 195 
SHITTT Gie ie sae aaa Ie DQeacinitig Guin emcr OImRnS: ort Oca Cr aon arc On. 196 
iterature ciced sortase thc aces > Ragone es Olek Gls aed teins law Seige = clekaw are 198 
INTRODUCTION AND METHODS 
Much has been written about the auditory sense of insects, 
but critics still contend that it has*never been demonstrated be- 
yond a doubt that any insect can really hear. Most students on 
insect behavior believe that insects can hear, but only Turner and 
Schwarz (714) and Turner (’14) seem to have produced good 
experimental evidence; however, they used only moths in their 
work. Much less is known about the sound perceptors in insects, 
and still it is not generally known how insects make sounds which 
are supposed to be heard by them. 
It is usually believed that insects can hear for the three following 
reasons: 1) many have special sound-producing organs; 2) some 
have so-called auditory organs, and, 3) many of the experimental 
results obtained indicate that insects can hear. 
173 
