AUDITORY SENSE OF HONEY-BEE POE 
angles; their anterior margins move little, but their flexible 
posterior portions vibrate rapidly; their bases do not vibrate, 
but move slowly in and out and backward and forward; no 
squealing was heard, but the muscles in the thorax vibrate more 
or less slowly. When one-half of each wing was cut off, a faint 
buzzing and a feeble squealing noise were heard. When the front 
wings were cut off as closely as possible and the hind wings were 
pulled out by the roots, no buzzing was heard, but the squealing 
noise was quite pronounced. While the bases of the front wings 
Figs. land2 Base of right front wing of a worker honey-bee, showing special 
sound-producing apparatus, consisting of membranes (Me) lying between axil- 
laries (1, 2, 3, and 4X), median plate (WP), head of radius (R), subcosta (Sc), 
costa (C), union of radius and media (RM), cubitus (Cw), and anal veins (1 and 
3A). Nos. 1, ta, 2, and 3, groups of olfactory pores. Fig. 1, dorsal view, and 
fig. 2, ventral view. X 40. 
vibrated, two weak lines in them were exhibited, as indicated by 
lines AA and BB in figure 1. The first one, starting between the 
ends of the costa (C) and subcosta (Sc) and ending between the 
first (1X) and fourth axillaries (4X), resembles a stiff hinge; 
while the second one, starting from the same source, passes 
through the weak point in the union of the radius and media 
(RM) and ends between the first anal (1A) and third axillary 
(3X). This line, along which the wing usually breaks when 
this appendage is carelessly pulled off, is more rigid than the 
other one. 
