236 DAVIDSON BLACK 
of the root fibers arising in this nucleus appear to cross the raphé 
to emerge with those of the contralateral nerve (cf. Brandis, |.c.). 
The nucleus ventralis hypoglossi is of relatively slight impor- 
tance in Cacatua, since in this form comparatively few fibers 
contributing to the hypoglossal nerve arise here. The nucleus 
lies within the gray reticulum of the cervical motor column, of 
which indeed it forms the most rostral portion. Some of the 
Nu.dinX. Nu.int. XT. 
Fig. 1 Cacatua roseicapilla. Transverse section through the medulla just 
caudad of-the calamus. 
Fig. 2 Ciconia alba. Transverse section through the medulla caudad of the 
calamus. This drawing is at the same magnification as figure 1. 
C.i., commissura infima (Bok, 11, p. 510); #.s., fasciculus solitarius; Nw.d.m. 
X., dorsal motor vagus nucleus; Nw. int., nucleus intermedius X—XII; Nu. int. 
XII., nucleus intermedius hypoglossi; Nu. XJ. v., ventral hypoglossal nucleus; 
O.i., inferior olive; R. desc. V., radix descendens trigemini; R. XJJ., hypoglossal 
rootlets. 
root fibers arising in this nucleus appear to cross the raphé and 
emerge by way of the contralateral hypoglossal nerve. Similar 
relations have been described in other birds by Brandis, who 
was able to confirm his observations by means of degeneration 
experiments. 
In contrast to Cacatua, the majority of the fibers of the hypo- 
glossal nerve in Ciconia arise from the nucleus ventralis XII. 
