502 WARO XAKAHARA 



In another place ('07b), Child proposed a view that a certain 

 relation between intake of material and functional transforMia- 

 tion is the main factor of amitosis, that is, amitosis may occur 

 when the stimulus to growth is so strong that the nucleus is 

 forced far from a condition of equilibrium which he considers 

 as essential to mitotic division. 



Glaser ('07) discussed the process of amitosis in the food-ova 

 of Fasciolaria as a purely pathological phenomenon, and urged 

 the necessity of keeping separate the normal and abnormal 

 events in the cellular life, and especially of distinguishing physio- 

 logical from pathological amitosis. 



JMaximow ('08) believes that amitosis in the mesenchyme cells 

 of young embryos of the dog is the normal method of de^'elop- 

 ment of the tissue. 



Xowikoff ('08) stated that amitosis in the cartilage-cells is 

 due to an external stimulus, causing a mechanical expansion of 

 cells. Later ('10), he supported this view in the case of bone- 

 and sinew-cells of the mouse embryo. Nowikoff's observations 

 show that cartilage cells in the mouse embrj^o multiply by mi- 

 tosis in early stage, and amitotic figures can be seen onl}', and 

 very rarely, in the surface layer of cartilage anlage. In a little 

 older embryo, both mitosis and amitosis occur side by side, but 

 even here,' mitotic figures are the more common. In the oldest 

 embryo he examined, in which the cartilage cells are fully dif- 

 ferentiated, he found that, while mitotic figures are very rare, 

 abundant indications of amitosis are seen. It seems that ami- 

 tosis in this case can be interpreted differently. 



Patterson ('08) in the development of the pigeon's blastoderm, 

 observed that mitosis maj^ follow amitosis, and ^'ice versa, ami- 

 tosis apparently playing an important role in the rapid growth 

 of the tissue, and made an indifferent suggestion that "amitosis 

 is the result of special physiological conditions, which create a 

 stimulus to cell-division." 



Glaser ('08) observed that in the entoderm of Fasciolaria dur- 

 ing the period of most active cell-multiplication, more than 1 

 per cent of all division is mitotic and more than 98 per cent are 

 amitotic, while during the entire developmental period, includ- 



