112 
C. H. DANFORTH 
ABBREVIATIONS 
a.an, innominate artery 
a.br.a. (1, 2), afferent branchial artery 
a.br.e. (1, 2, 3, 4), efferent branchial 
artery 
a.cc., common carotid artery 
a.ce., external carotid artery 
a.fa., branches of the facial artery 
a.hy., afferent hyoidean artery 
a.hyo., hyo-opereular artery 
a.lhb., posterior end of lateral hypo- 
branchial artery 
a.nu., artery to adductor branchialis 
a.pa., branch of parietal artery 
a.ph., pharyngeal branch of second ef- 
ferent branchial artery 
a.seg., segmental artery 
a.va., ventral aorta 
br., branchiostegal ray 
c.cer. (2, 4), ceratobranchial cartilage 
c.ep. (1, 2, 8, 4), epibranchial carti- 
lage 
c.hy., hyoid cartilages 
c.hyb. (1, 2, 3, 4), hypobranchial carti- 
lages 
c.hyo., hyomandibular 
c.ih., interhyal 
c.mc., Meckel’s cartilage 
c.pec., cartilages of pectoral arch 
c.phbr., first pharyngobranchial carti- 
lage 
c.pq., appendage of palatoquadrate 
li.al., linea alba 
m.abp., abductor of pectoral fin 
m.adb. (2, 4), adductor branchialis 
m.adm., adm.’, the two parts of m. ad- 
ductor mandibulae 
m.adp., adductor of pectoral fin 
m.bmd., branchiomandibularis muscle 
m.bmd.’, fibers from m. branchioman- 
dibularis 
m.coar., coraco-arcualis muscle 
m.con., dorsal conical portion of myo- 
mere 
m.gha., anterior part of geniohyoid 
m.ghp., posterior part of geniohyoid 
m.lat., lateral musculature 
m.lev. (1, 2, 3, 4), levator arcuus bran- 
chialis 
m.oes., musculature of oesophagus 
m.phg. (1, 2, 3), pharyngoclavicularis 
m.pro., protractor hyomandibularis 
m.ret., retractor hyomandibularis 
m.sthy., sternohyoideus muscle 
m,tr.d., m. transversus dorsalis 
m. tr.v., m. transversus ventralis 
m.trp., trapezius muscle 
m.ven., ventral body musculature 
myoc., myocomma 
myot., muscle segment 
n.ad., nerves of adductor branchialis 
n.am., branches of inferior maxillary 
nerve. 
n.h., branches of ramus hyoideus fa- 
cialis 
n.ix., glossopharyngeal nerve 
n.int., ramus praetrematicus internus 
(of vagus) 
n.£.po., posttrematic rami of vagus 
n.x£.pr., praetrematic rami of vagus 
no., notochord 
oper., operculum 
op.f., opercular flap 
os.cl., clavicle - 
os.den., dentary bone 
os.fr., frontal bone 
os.inf., infraclavicle 
os.mx., maxillary bone 
os.spr., Supraclavicle 
pec., pectoral fin 
per., wall of body cavity 
sep., median dorsal septum 
thy., thyreoid gland 
v.ad., vein from m. adductor branchialis 
v.de., duct of Cuvier 
v.fa., facial vein 
v.h., hyomandibular vein 
v.sup., superficial lateral vein 
ven., ventrul fin, abductor muscle 
