312 H. W. NORRIS 
the ramus palatinus VII (all Urodela); (3) an anastomosis be- 
tween the ramus pretrematicus (or pharyngeus) IX and the 
ramus alveolaris VII (Amphiuma, Amblystoma). 
The, ramus posttrematicus IX (IX. pst.), or ramus lingualis 
(figs. 42, 44), of communis and motor fibers, passes directly pos- 
teriorly from its emergence from the ganglion, along the dorso- 
lateral border of the anterior part of the sub-vertebral rectus 
muscle, accompanied by small pharyngeal branches of the ramus 
pretrematicus. It gives off a number of very small pharyngeal 
branches to the dorso-lateral pharynx wall. At about the level 
of the roots of the second spinal nerve it begins to ascend rapidly 
in a postero-dorsal direction, turns sharply antero-dorsally and 
laterally until it reaches the lateral border of the dorsal tip of the 
ceratohyal. There, after giving off one or two branches to the 
levator muscle of the first branchial arch, (lab.1), it turns sharply 
again, but in a postero-ventral direction; then curving antero- 
ventrally reaches the first ceratobranchial along whose lateral 
border it passes obliquely across to its antero-ventral edge. As 
the nerve is passing along the lateral border of the ceratobranchial 
it gives off all its communis branches in a number of small nerves 
(IX .pst. ph.), most of which pass around the dorsal border of the 
branchial arch to be distributed to the ventro-lateral pharyngeal 
epithelium. At the extreme ventral border of the ceratobranchial 
1 the motor portion of the ramus posttrematicus unites with a 
motor branch of the ramus posttrematicus of the second branchial 
nerve (X1.pst.), the combined nerves innervating the ceratohyoid- 
eus internus muscle. 
5. The rami supratemporalis et auricularis X 
As previously noted, as the lateral line root of the tenth nerve 
passes posteriorly towards its ganglion there is given off from it a 
small tract (fig. 14, Xrspt.) which enters the dorsal border of 
the [Xth ganglion. It appears to become ganglionated at once, 
its cells occupying the antero-dorsal part of the ganglion, on the 
border between the vagus and the glossopharyngeal portions 
(fig. 39). The fibers emerge from the vagus ganglion a little 
dorsal and posterior to the exit of the ramus posttrematicus IX 
as a small nerve of lateralis composition that is unquestionably 
