GERM CELLS OF COELENTERATES near: 5 (3 
plasm of the cell. The behavior of Campanularia flexuosa seems 
to agree very closely with this theory, the actual facts being almost 
the same as those that Goldschmidt observed. But there in an 
incidental difference in that the chromidia proceed directly and 
immediately from the nucleolus, though this nucleolus, as shown, 
originated in part from the chromatic spireme and in its dissolu- 
_tion still showed reactions similar to those of the rest of the chro- 
matin in the nucleus. 
As early as 1895, Van Bambeke found in one of the fishes 
(Scorpaena scrofa L.) that chromatic substance passed through 
the wall of the germinal vesicle, but in this case the nucleolus 
had nothing to do with the process. Lubosch (’02) found what 
he called ‘by-products’ of the nucleus to pass into the cytoplasm 
and there take part in yolk formation. He further states that 
the phenomena of growth of the cell suggest that material taken 
in from the cytoplasm is synthesized in the nucleolus and trans- 
formed into chromatin. Henschen (’04), in Helix pomatia, finds 
a migration of chromatin from the nucleus into the cytoplasm and 
thinks it may have some relation to yolk formation. Brooks and 
Rittenhouse (’06), in the coelenterate Turritopsis, found the yolk 
to form close to the germinal vesicle as a result of nuclear activity. 
Popoff (’07) says chromidia come from the nuclear chromatin and 
in egg cells chromidia formation is least active in the first phase 
of growth and most active when the yolk is forming; the richest 
chromidia formation agrees with the strongest cell activity. 
The wide distribution of chromidia in strongly functioning tissue 
cells is suggestive of a physiological condition of the cell, and 
Popoff says: ‘‘I consider the chromidia as morphological conse- 
quences of cell growth and cell activity” (p. 104). In 1910 this 
same author makes the general statement that chromidia, mito- 
chondria, and so forth, are different stages in the same genetic 
series, originating in nuclear chromatin, and the various appear- 
ances are due to differences in diffusion currents, peculiarities 
of the cytoplasm and the like. Yolk may form from these but 
‘‘chromidial formation is only an expression of purely physiolog- 
ical cell conditions and these can in no way be specific for the 
germ cells alone” (p. 41). Others have found chromidia related 
