ao Cc. H. RICHARDSON 
caudal end. The second larva, ‘the subnymph,’ is larger, much 
less irregular in outline and the caudal segment is drawn out 
into a sharp point. Agriotypus armatus is parasitic upon the 
caddis fly, Silo and pupates within the case of this insect. 
The larval forms of the Chalcidoid Leucospis gigas Fabr. have 
been studied by Fabre (’90) who found two distinct stages. The 
first is heavily chitinized, with a prominent head, antennae and 
a pair of small mandibles. The body is sparsely covered with 
spines and there are two longer spines, each situated on a basal 
process on the ventrum of all the body segments except the 
last. In general this larva resembles the planidium. The second 
stage larva is of the usual hymenopterous type, without visible 
traces of spines. 
Kulagin (’98) found the cyclopoid larva in the Proctotrypoids, 
Platygaster insticator Say and P. herrickii Packard. 
Seurat (99) has described the young larva of the Ichneumonid, 
Mesochorus vittator Zetterstedt, which has an elongate caudal 
appendage and an undetermined species of Encyrtus with a 
similar elongate anal segment. 
Marchal (’04) has found a larva in the Proctotrypoid Polyg- 
notus minutus (Lindm.) which corresponds to Ganin’s interme- 
diate larva. One of these was seen with the partially cast. off 
integument of a cyclopoid larva still clinging to it. 
Ferton (’05) records two distinct stages in the post-embryo- 
logical development of the Chrysidid, Chrysis dichroa, a parasite 
upon the larvae of Osmia versicolor which makes its nests in 
empty snail shells. The first stage larva has thirteen distinct 
segments; the head, heavily chitinized and distinct, bears a pair 
of blunt-pointed antennae and is armed with a pair of mandibles. 
The dorsal and lateral surfaces of each segment possess tufts of 
spines arranged in a single row across the body. The caudal 
segment is modified to form a short bifurcated appendage, the 
tips of which are bent inward. The second larva is of the usual 
hymenopterous type, devoid of spines and with a mere remnant 
of the furcated caudal appendage. 
Marchal (06) has given in detail the hypermetamorphosis 
of eight species within the family Platygasteridae (sens. Ash- 
