l82 Charles R. Stockard 



At ninety-six hours oldjtheLiNOg i m embryos show no eyes, the 

 circulation of the blood can not be detected, while in the control 

 it isvery distinct. The pigment spots are scarce. TheLi2S04TVm 

 eggs have short embryos with their blastopores still open. 



When eight days old, those eggs in LiNOg i m have short em- 

 bryos with poorly formed eyes, they are pale in appearance, the 

 heart beats slow the blood is colorless, and the tail unusually bent. 

 Comparing this general description with the detailed one recorded 

 for the development of this fish in solutions of LiCl it will be 

 found that the development of the egg of Fundulus is as character- 

 istic in solutions of lithium salts as is that of the frog under like 

 conditions as recorded by Gurwitsch ('95, '96), Morgan ('03, '06) 

 and others. 



THE EFECTS OF METALLIC CHLORIDS ON THE DEVELOPMENT 

 OF FUNDULUS EGGS 



A number of chemical solutions have been employed singly and 

 mixed in order to further analyze osmotic and chemical action, as 

 well as to distinguish if possible any definite morphological 

 response that might result from the action of any one salt. The 

 notes on these experiments have become so voluminous that it is 

 inadvisable to attempt to record them all. I shall, therefore, state 

 as concisely as possible the factors involved and the chief results 

 that followed. 



Loeb's ('93) experiments with KCl were repeated:" the con- 

 centrations of the solutions used being ^ m, | m and f m in dis- 

 tilled water and A m, f m, and molecular in sea-water. Many of 

 the eggs in the stronger solutions died during their early develop- 

 ment. 



^ Loeb obser\'ed the interesting fact that Fundulus embryos would develop in solutions of KCl without 

 circulation of the blood taking place. The heart was entirely still and the blood failed in consequence to 

 move through the vessels. He stated that in these cases the blood system developed normally, the only 

 peculiar point being that the pigment spots did not migrate to the blood vessels and arrange themselves 

 along them as they usually do. I find that the circulatory system does develop to some extent but by no 

 means normally as may be seen by a casual examination of the heart. Hence possibly the failure of the 

 pigment cells to migrate. Loeb also found that embryos four to six days old were killed by remaining 

 one hour in a 1.5 per cent solution of KCl as a result of the effect of this salt upon their heart's 

 action, while if put into a 5 per cent solution afler fertilization they live and develop. 



