HEMOLYMPH NODES AND ACCESSORY SPLEENS 245 



phatiques normales; dans les cas les plus anciens on voyait encore des 

 cellules globuliferes et pigmentiferes entre les colonnes meduUaires, et 

 en outre on remarquait une proliferation du tissu conjonctif qui entoure 

 les vaisseaux. Ces glandes lymphatiques presentaient la reaction bleue 

 du Fe. libre plus constamment et d'une facon plus intense que les 

 glandes normales. Nous croyons devoir attribuer la tumefaction de 

 ces glandes lymphatiques et les autres alterations qui I'accompagnaient 

 a des phenomenes irritatifs simples, a une lympho-adenite consecutive 

 a la lesion traumatique, selon I'opinion de Legros. Les glandes lymph- 

 atiques externes et la glande thyroide n'ont jamais presente de lesions 

 attribuables a la splenotomie. 



Foa (8) was the first to question the validity of Tizzoni's 

 (35, 36) conclusions regarding the new formation of accessory 

 spleens after splenectomy. Tizzoni it will be recalled excised 

 the spleen of four dogs and found 60 to 80 accessory spleens in 

 the great and gastro-hepatic omenta in 2, 54 and 90 days respec- 

 tively after operation. Although no examination of these ani- 

 mals had been made before operation, Tizzoni for wholly insuffi- 

 cient and incorrect reasons, nevertheless concluded that these 

 spleens had formed de novo. Foa who had also called atten- 

 tion to the fact that such small nodules as described by Tizzoni 

 are also found in dogs with entirely normal spleens apparently 

 did not publish anything further on the subject, but Tizzoni 

 published the results of forty necropsies a few weeks after the 

 formal presentation of Foa's suggestions. In this paper Tizzoni 

 (37) laid special emphasis on the fact that these necropsies were 

 done at the veterinary school of Bologna in the presence and 

 with the aid of his excellent friend Gotti.^ The astonishing thing 

 is that although 262 accessory spleens were found in four out of 

 the forty dogs examined, Tizzoni nevertheless says that all his 

 previous conclusions are confirmed! Tizzoni believed that in 

 these four dogs nature herself had done a partial splenectomy by 

 the development of a chronic interstitial splenitis. Moreover, 

 he performed a splenectomy on a dog that had accessory spleens 

 and although this animal died of an infection before the "usual 

 results could manifest themselves" he nevertheless concluded that 

 the results obtained in this animal also were sufficient wholly to 



* The inference is clear, of course, and I mention these details simply because 

 Tizzoni's experiments have been accepted for decades. 



