282 N. E. McINDOO 



ment of the antennae up and down or from side to side. When 

 this movement is slow they are described simply as having 

 ''moved." When the expression ''acts as if noticing odor" is 

 used it is to be interpreted as meaning that the antennae are 

 "vibrated" and that the bee seems to "fix its attention" on the 

 spot from which the odor comes. Anthropomorphic terms are 

 of course used only in a figurative sense, often for lack of words 

 adequately to describe the actions otherwise. Sometimes a bee 

 lies flat on its thorax and abdomen, so the word "arose" is to be 

 interpreted as meaning that the bee gets up and stands on its 

 feet. In the averages of reaction times the probable error is 

 presumably high. It has not been calculated, since slight differ- 

 ences in reaction time are not considered as significant in the 

 discussion of results. 



Workers 



Oil of peppermint: 



13 moved away quickly 

 6 moved away quickly and vibrated antennae 



6 moved away slowly and stroked antennae with front legs 

 4 moved antennae slightly and moved away slowly 



2 jumped quickly as if attacking an enemy 



2 turned around quickly and moved antennae 



1 put its head on floor of case and vibrated antennae 

 1 arose quickly and stroked antennae 

 1 arose slowly and stroked antennae 



1 arose quickly 



Reaction time 2 to 3 seconds, average 2.3 seconds 

 Workers tested, 37 



At four different times while using this oil all the bees in the case became 

 excited. They always produced an uproar by rapidly vibrating their wings. 



Oil of thyme: 



7 moved away quickly 



6 moved antennae and then moved away slowly 

 4 moved away quickly and vibrated antennae 



3 arose and moved away slowly 



2 moved slightly and stroked antennae 

 2 arose quickly and vibrated antennae 



1 jumped toward odor and stroked antennae 



1 moved antennae quickly 

 Reaction time 2 to 3 seconds, average 2.4 seconds 

 \\'orkers tested, 26 



