290 N. E. MCINDOO 



other as do those with both antennae intact. While those with 

 both antennae intact hved on an average of 9 days and 3 hours 

 in observation cases, the bees with one antenna removed Hved 

 under the same conditions on an average only 6 days and 18 

 hours. 



Bees with one antenna pulled off and with 2 to 8 joints of the 

 other one cut off never ''pay any attention" to each other and 

 very seldom are seen fighting, but are just as apt to fight a hive- 

 mate as a stranger. All of these eat more or less, but the more 

 joints cut off the second antenna the less normal they appear. 

 The greater the number of joints severed, the less number of 

 days they live. Such bees, on an average, lived 5 days and 11 

 hours in the observation cases. 



Bees with both antennae pulled off at first wander about in- 

 side the case more or less aimlessly. They seem to have no 

 means of communicating with other bees. They run against each 

 other and then try either to stroke or to fight one another, al- 

 though they fail to do either. Only occasionally do they feed 

 one another and only a few are seen eating. After a few hours 

 they become inactive and usually remain so until they die. In 

 their activity they are similar to young bees. They "pay littld* 

 or no attention" to other bees and in most cases do not move 

 unless another bee runs against them. The ones studied lived 

 on an average of only 19 hours in the observation cases. 



Bees with both antennae cut off at their bases behave very 

 similarly to those just described. Those observed lived only 2 

 hours on an average in the observation cases. 



When the antennae were varnished with shellac or celloidin 

 the bees were not at all normal. They failed to eat; many ran 

 around and acted ''crazy" and tried to clean their antennae, but 

 in this they failed. Those with shellac on their antennae lived 

 only a few hours, while those with celloidin lived, on an average, 

 16 hours in the observation cases. 



The antennae of some were covered with vaseline. These bees 

 at once cleaned their antennae and were soon normal. 



The left antennae of 15 workers were pulled off at the base 

 with a small pair of forceps. The responses of these bees to the 



