OLFACTORY SENSE OF THE HONEY BEE 299 



the same odors with normal bees was 2.64 seconds. Twenty 

 workers were tested. It would seem that neither the buccal 

 cavity nor the epipharynx has anything to do with olfaction. 



MORPHOLOGY OF OLFACTORY PORES 



In 1857 to 1860 Hicks described for the first time some pecul- 

 iar structures found on the bases of the wings and legs of insects. 

 He called them 'vesicles' and suggested that they have an olfac- 

 tory function. From the following description of the morphology 

 of these structures it will be seen that the word 'vesicle' is less 

 appropriate than the word 'pore.' Since they have an olfactory 

 function in the honey bee (pp. 333-341) they may be called 

 'olfactory pores.' 



DISPOSITION 



In studying the distribution and number of the olfactory pores 

 of the honey bee, workers and drones just emerged from the cells 

 were selected on account of their lighter color, but since queens 

 at this stage were not available at the right time, old dark-pig- 

 mented ones were used. The three legs from one side of 6 

 individuals each of workers, queens, and drones and the three 

 legs from the other side of 9 of these 18 bees were examined under 

 a high-power lens. The wings from both sides of 8 workers, 8 

 drones, and 4 queens and the stings of 15 workers and of 9 queens 

 were likewise examined. In all, 81 legs, 80 wings, and 24 stings 

 were searched for pores. 



The wings have upper (dorsal) and lower (ventral) surfaces 

 and the legs have inner and outer surfaces. The inner side of 

 the leg faces the bee's body, and the outer side is directed from 

 the body except in the case of the front legs, which are directed 

 forward and the sides are therefore reversed. These pores are 

 found in groups, and for convenience in studying and describing 

 them the groups on each side may be numbered from 1 to 21. 

 The first five of these groups are found at the bases of the wings, 

 groups 6 to 18 inclusive on the legs, and the remaining three 

 groups on the sting (figs. 1, 2, and 14, A). The numbers of the 



