340 



N. E. McINDOO 



any part in receiving odor stimuli. When the wings are cut off 

 distal to the olfactory pores, the reaction time odors is not mate- 

 rially changed. When the wings are pulled off or the bases are 

 glued the reaction time is increased eight times. Sister bees so 

 treated are not hostile to each other and do not actively fight 

 strange bees. Such facts indicate that the olfactory organs are 

 sufficiently destroyed or prevented from functioning by these 

 manipulations so that the bees do not "readily recognize enemies. 

 With the pores on the legs covered, the reaction time is increased 

 two and one-half times. When the wings are pulled off and the 

 pores on the legs are covered, the reaction time is increased 

 twelve times. Sister bees so treated are slightly hostile to one 

 another and quickly attack strangers. After fighting a short 

 time they distinguish friends from enemies, cease attacking their 

 friends, but never cease fighting their enemies until the strangers 

 are killed. Neither the odor of glue nor of vaseline affected 

 these results. 



TABLE 2 



Summary of experiments with ivorker bees to determine the location of the olfactory 



organs 



EXPERIMENT 



Unmutilated 



Ghie on thorax as control 



Vaseline on abdomen as control 



Flagella burnt off • 



Flagella glued 



Maxillae and labial palpi cut off 



Proboscis cut off 



Mandibles cut off 



Flour paste in mouth 



Wings cut off beyond pores 



Stings extracted 



Wings pulled off 



Bases of wings glued 



Pores on legs covered with vaseline 



Wings pulled off and pores on legs covered 

 with vaseline 



AVERAGE 

 REACTION TIME 



For 1 For 

 three i six 

 odors odors 



WORKERS 

 TESTED 



seconds seconds 



3.3 I 

 2.9 



3.5 I 

 2.68 

 3.0 

 2.861 



22.2 



18.5 ! 

 5 2 



3.4 



4.0 



4.8 



27.1 



28.2 

 8.0 



36.9 I 40.0 



37 

 19 

 18 

 7 

 21 

 19 

 22 

 20 

 20 

 17 

 20 

 28 

 20 

 20 



20 



AVER.VGE 



LENGTH OF 



LIFE IN THE 



OBSERVATION 



CASE 



days 



9 

 9 

 9 

 

 1 

 1 

 

 7 

 7 

 9 

 1 

 9 

 9 

 9 



9 



hours 



3 

 3 

 3 



17 

 

 

 7 

 



12 



23 

 6 



20 

 3 

 3 



