402 
The neighbouring cells are also affected, and a nest of unhealthy 
dried cells is the result. 
The author concludes that the South African climate is 
unsuitable for introduced varieties, and urges the necessity of a new 
stock of home-grown seedlings. The bulletin contains a full 
bibliography of the literature on Bitter Pit (some 18 papers), and 
also a short general and historical account. 
Lounsbury’s contribution brings together for the benefit of the 
Cape fruit-grower a collection of data that he has obtained from 
various sources. He is inclined to believe that Bitter Pit is not 
explanation given by Pole Evans for its occurrence in South 
Africa. The paper then treats of questions of storage, stocks, 
varieties, irrigation, manuring and pruning. An account is also 
given of the susceptibility of varieties in other continents, being the 
substance of replies to letters addressed to various fruit experts. 
This is followed by numerous tables giving the result of South 
African experience. 
In conclusion, it is suggested that fruit-growers should give more 
attention to varieties which have originated in South Africa. At 
the same time, owing to their greater number, Apples raised in 
other continents offer a far larger selection, and the author believes, 
that among these varieties, some could be found which would be 
suitable for South African cultivation. 
A. D.C. 
Forestry in New Zealand—The Department of Lands, New 
Zealand, has recently issued its report on “State Nurseries and 
Plantations ” for the year ending March 31st, 1910. 
This report is of an interesting character and consists of 38 pages 
of text and six pages of illustrations. It is prefaced with a review, 
by the Under-Secretary of Lands, of the work accomplished since 
the formation of the Forestry Branch of his Department, in 1896, 
and contains the combined reports of the superintending nursery- 
men and plantation foremen for the past year. 
The Forestry Branch appears to be very well organised, and the 
report is presented in such a manner that each detail of its work is 
made perfectly clear to anyone who has a knowledge of forestry. 
Since the establishment of forestry operations in 1896, 
14,831 acres have been planted and much additional land is in course 
of preparation. This area is divided into nine plantations which 
are fed by five nurseries. Two of the nurseries and three of the 
plantations are situated in the North Island and the remainder in 
the South Island. A general superintending nurseryman is in 
charge in each island, and each plantation and nursery is in charge 
of a plantation foreman, 
The reports of the various nurserymen and foremen deal with 
local peculiarities of land, culture, and climate, a table being 
appended in each instance showing the average monthly rainfall 
and maximum and minimum temperatures. Full details are given 
in every case of the cost of upkeep, whilst lists of the number 0 
each kind of tree to be found in each nursery, with their approxi- 
mate value, are also given, 
