eirraurn," or of the Malabar grass with the "Gramen citratum." 
The result of all this was, of course, much vagueness in the term 
anil LTi-eat confusion. This becomes particularly obvious in 
cdII uhiLT the vernacular names which have been identified with 
"lemon-grass." There were other causes also which tended to 
obscure the history and the characters of the original "lemon- 
grass," and finally made ir possible th u a urass \\ hieh is so widely, 
though not intensely cultivated, not in India only but all over the 
tropica should, in Hack-el's great Monograph of the Andropogoneae 
(p. i'iOf>), be hiding under the cloak of an American variety of 
AH>ln>>'<>!/<>n Xnrrliffi, whilst its botanical name, Andropogon 
rih-ufu*, by which it has been known to Indian botanists and most 
pharmacists, is simply referred to with the words: "aut ad 
A. Nardum aut ad A. Schoenantkum pertinet " (p. 608). 
Although Browne tells us that at his time the Madras natives 
did not take to the lemon-grass, it subsequently became fairly 
P»:>nlar throughout the Carnatic and finally all over India. 
I!.>xuui'gli," writing about 100 years after Browne, was able to 
say : "On the coast (of Coromandel) I have only found this 
elegant valuable species in a state of cultivation, few gardens 
being without it." Similarly, Rottler says on a label, written 
probably at the end of the 18th or the beginning of the 19th 
century, and attached to a specimen collected in the extreme south 
of the Peninsula : " Frequentissima in hortis." When it was 
introduced in Bengal is uncertain. It was in cultivation in the 
Botanic Gardens, Calcutta, in Roxburgh's time ; but apart from 
this, Roxburgh seems to have only known it from the ' coast ' (of 
Coromandel) Carey'sf observation that it covers extensive tracts 
m .Northern Bengal is wrong and refers probably to C.pe>ulnlu.*, 
Mapf It is true that Fleming,} as well as Roxburgh^ quotes 
Bengali name for it, Gundbel or Gundha hmn, but that name 
occurs as early as the middle of the loth century as a Hindi 
synonym of 'Izkhir' in the Ulfaz UdwiyabJ and most probably 
was originally applied to G. Martini or possibly also to one 
Z m 01 Iv, t ?. r 5 0matic Andropogons which are indigenous 
m Northern I. ha. I h, saiwi . n im ..,. Mainland ung {Mala- 
ttll 7 *** ^ 
^m-grass, are in a similar position. Concerning these 
would refer the reader to my chapter on C. Martini. Royle,«[ 
in his List of Articles of Materia Medica obtained in the Bazars 
iLtt );l e , n and Northe ™ Provinces of India,' does not 
enumerate the lemon-grass, but he mentions it in his < Illustrations 
RoxhnrS?? 117 ^H^yan Mountains,' p. 425 (1840), under 
f n °tS 8 T 1 , 6 ' ; 4 , ' I in gardens 
bv Gmh a r»* n^ w? the West Coasfc » is first mentioned 
SfoonSriOTl^ }' h6n U reaclled Ce y lon is unknown; 
Moontt (1824) mentions it, but as ide ntical with Pangiri Mana. 
* Roxburgh, Fl. In d., ed. Carey & Wall vol i ^R9n^ n 97s 
p t Carey in a footnote in Roxburgh, ft ll^Tc^fwkll, vol. i. (1820), 
t Fleming in Asiat. Research., vol. xi flSltrt n T^fi 
J Boxbu^h, Hort. Beng. (1814), p 7 and F ' Fnd 1 c 
I Ulfaz Ud wiyah, transl. Gladwin ' L ° m 
5 Royle in Joarn. As. Soc. Beng., vol i ns<m „ i K « 
* Graham, Cat. PI. Bombay, p. 238 ( 832) ' P ' * 58 ' 
tt Moon, Cat. PI. Ceylon (1824), p. 72. 
