13 
which is well twisted between each two uprights. The wood is all 
creosoted, and what would otherwise be valueless except for 
firewood, is turned into a capital, light, portable fence. 
Mr. Gillanders is greatly interested in entomology, and most of 
his spare time is connected with this hobby. ter 20 years study 
of forest insect life, he has lately presented the substance of his 
observations to foresters at large in the form of a book entitled 
* Forest Entomology.” 
The time at my disposal was too short to allow me to visit the 
various plantations in the neighbourhood, they are, however, 
compat chiefly of larch, beech, oak, Scots pine, sycamore and 
irch, 
CHATSWORTH.—Noy. 29. 
there appears to a wide area suitable for forest land, which, at 
the present time, affords but scanty pasture for sheep. In the 
neighbourhood all sorts of altitudes up to 1,200 feet may be found, 
and a fairly wide selection of trees might be grown. The district, 
however, is a cold one, and I am informed that frost is frequently 
experienced during every month of the year. Spring is a trying 
time for the larch about Chatsworth, and the first growth is 
frequently crippled by cold, yet many young plantations are makin 
satisfactory progress. The trees planted most largely are Scots 
pine, oak, beech, birch, larch and spruce. Mr. Robertson, the head 
forester, has experimented all over the estate with Douglas fir, but 
in no instance has he had results which warranted his carrying on 
the cultivation beyond the experimental stage. 
In this particular part of Derbyshire, the fields in most cases are 
divided by stone walls instead of hedges, and where a field has been 
taken over in an exposed position for plantation work, surrounded 
by a wall, the shelter afforded has made a wonderful difference to 
growth, whilst the greater proportion of vigorous hard-wood trees 
in such plantations, shows that they are hare and rabbit eae 
The value of such walls as a fire-break was apparent in et planta- 
tion which had, through some mishap, been set on fire. e fire 
